典型污染源材料中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的释放

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摘要为研究以多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）为代表的含卤半挥发性有机物（SVOCs）在室内空气中的扩散特性，在对杭州室内环境（办公室、居室）空气中PDBEs14种单体浓度检测的基础上，分析比较了不同污染源材料中PBDEs的含量，测定了材料PBDEs挥发强度系数；探究了典型污染源材料中PBDEs释放的影响因素及其相关性.结果表明，杭州室内环境空气颗粒相和气相中PBDEs平均浓度为427.26和416.46pg/m³，其中颗粒相和气相中主要特征单体均为BDE-209.所选取的9种室内常用材料的PBDEs挥发强度系数大小依次为：地毯>电线>塑料板>阻燃布>电路板>防烫桌布>保温棉>自粘墙纸>绝缘胶带.对比不同材料中各PBDEs同系组的含量：绝缘胶带、塑料板、防烫桌布、阻燃布中十溴二苯醚（deca-BDEs）的占比最高，分别为81.33%、63.83%、27.3%和34.1%；电线中四溴二苯醚（tetra-BDEs）的占比最高，为29.83%；自粘墙纸、电路板、地毯、保温棉中五溴二苯醚（penta-BDEs）的占比最高，分别为35.82%、41.25%、45.75%和38.64%.典型污染源材料中PBDEs释放的影响因素实验结果表明，环境模拟舱中的PBDEs总浓度与温度和封闭时间对数均呈显著正相关，相关系数r和显著水平P分别为r=0.811，p<0.05和r=0.883，p<0.05，且封闭时间对源释放PBDEs总浓度的影响比温度稍大.同时，污染源特征因素（材料中PBDEs的固有含量与PBDEs挥发强度系数）对源释放的影响程度比环境因素（温度和封闭时间）大.

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关键词 ：多溴联苯醚, 来源, 释放, 规律, 污染源材料

Abstract：In order to study the diffusion characteristics of halogenated semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) by poly brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor air, based on the detection of 14monomer concentrations of PDBEs in indoor ambient (Office and living room) air in Hangzhou, PBDEs concentrations in different types of pollutants were compared, and the coefficient of volatile strengths of PBDEs were determined. Moreover, the influencing factors of PBDEs released from typical pollution sources and their correlations were explored. The results show the average concentration of PBDEs in the airborne phase and gas phase of Hangzhou indoor environment is 427.26pg/m³ and 416.46pg/m³, and the main characteristic monomers in the particle phase and gas phase are BDE-209. The relationship of the coefficient of volatile strengths of PBDEs among the 9indoor typical pollution source materials selected and the sequence from high to low is carpet, wire, plastic board, flame retardant fabric, circuit boards, anti-scalding tablecloth, thermal insulations, self adhesive wallpaper, insulating tape. Different materials have different proportions of PBDEs fellow groups, the deca-BDEs in insulating tape, plastic board, anti-scalding tablecloth and flame retardant fabric have a higher proportion, which accounted for 81.33%, 63.83%, 27.3% and 34.1%; tetra-BDEs in wire have a higher proportion, which accounted for 29.83%; penta-BDEs in Self adhesive wallpaper, circuit boards, carpet, thermal insulations have a higher proportion, which accounted for 35.82%, 41.25%, 45.75% and 38.64%. The experimental results of the influencing factors of PBDEs released from typical pollution sources indicate that the total concentration of PBDEs in the environmental simulation cabin is significantly positively correlated with the temperature and the logarithm of the closure time, r=0.811, p<0.05 and r=0.883, p<0.05, and the effect of blocking time on the total concentration of PBDEs released from the source is slightly higher than the temperature. At the same time, the characteristic factors of pollution sources (intrinsic content of PBDEs and PBDEs volatilization intensity coefficient) have greater influence on source release than environmental factors (temperature and closure time).

Key words： PBDEs sources release law source material

收稿日期: 2019-01-28

PACS:	X131
	X820.4

基金资助:浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LY16B070012）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0207103）

通讯作者: 金漫彤,教授,jmtking@zjut.edu.cn E-mail: jmtking@zjut.edu.cn

作者简介: 金漫彤(1967-),女,浙江杭州人,教授,博士,主要研究方向为污染控制与资源化.发表论文50余篇.

引用本文:

金漫彤, 何嘉琪, 郑子丹, 尹杰, 沈学优, 胡张璇. 典型污染源材料中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的释放[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(8): 3233-3241. JIN Man-tong, HE Jia-qi, ZHENG Zi-dan, YIN JIE, SHEN Xue-you, HU Zhang-xuan. Release of PBDEs in typical source materials. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(8): 3233-3241.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I8/3233

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