In this study, two separated experiments about the effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on mitochondrial injury in susceptible mice were comied out. In first set of experiments, winter fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was collected in Taiyuan City and the C57BL/6 female mice at 4 weeks, 4 months and 10 months old were exposed to 3mg/kg (body weight) PM2.5 for 4 weeks by oropharyngeal instillation. Second, the winter PM2.5 were collected from Taiyuan, Beijing, Hangzhou, and Guangzhou and exposed to 10 months old mice similarly. The results from the first set of experiments showed that the mRNA levels of Cytochrome c oxidase subunits I (co1), IV (co4) and ATP synthase (ATP6) and nuclear transcription factors pgc-1α, nrf1 and tfam in cardiac tissues were detected by real-time PCR. The mRNA levels of co1, co4, ATP6 and nuclear transcription factors pgc-1α, nrf1 and tfam were significantly elevated in hearts of 10-month-old but not in those of 4-week-old and 4-month-old mice after Taiyuan PM2.5 exposure. In the second set of experiments, when 10-month-old mice were exposed to PM2.5 from different cities, the exposure of PM2.5 from Hangzhou could increase the mRNA expression of co1, co4, ATP6, pgc-1α and tfam in the hearts of mice. Exposure to PM2.5 from Beijing can increase the mRNA expression of co1, ATP6 and tfam in mouse hearts. PM2.5 from Guangzhou exposure did not cause any of the above changes in gene expression. PM2.5 from Taiyuan has the greatest impact on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in susceptible mice, followed by from Hangzhou and Beijing, while PM2.5 from Guangzhou has the least impact.
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