Characteristics of heavy pollution process and source appointment in typical heavy industry cities
GUAN Pan-bo1, ZHOU Ying1, CHENG Shui-yuan1, DUAN Wen-jiao1, YAO Sen1, LI Ji-feng2, YUE Liang3
1. Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100123, China;
2. Hebei Handan Institute of Environmental Protection, Handan 056000, China;
3. Handan Environmental Monitoring Center of Handan Province, Handan 056300, China
In order to study the process and causes of air pollution in Handan City, we measured the inorganic ion and carbon component to analyze the variation characteristics of PM2.5 from samples taken at the site of Environmental Monitoring Center of Handan was selected to sample the PM2.5 concentrations and measure the inorganic ion and carbon component. The air quality model of WRF-CAMx was used to simulate and analyze the PM2.5 mass concentration contribution of different emission sources in various regions during three heavy pollutions in autumn and winter of 2017~2018. The results showed that water-soluble particles accounted for 62.4% of PM2.5 mass concentration in Handan during heavy pollution. The secondary ions showed a trend of NO3- > SO42- > NH4+. During the three continuous heavy pollution processes in Handan City, the pollution was affected by the ground uniform pressure field, the bottom of high pressure and the zonal circulation of 500hPa at high altitude. The horizontal and vertical transports of pollutant were inhibited. The decrease of boundary layer height further resulted in the increase of PM2.5 mass concentration. The three heavy pollutions were completely removed with the southward move of Eastern Siberia high pressure and Eurasian Continental high pressure and increase of the boundary layer height. The results of PSAT tracer module showed that the Fuxing District, Congtai District and Yongnian District were the main districts and counties contributing PM2.5 in Handan City, with the total contribution ranging from 66.8% to 72.2%. The metallurgy, mobile source and residential bulk coal combustion were the three major pollution sources during the heavy pollution period.
关攀博, 周颖, 程水源, 段文娇, 姚森, 李纪峰, 岳亮. 典型重工业城市空气重污染过程特征与来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(1): 31-40.
GUAN Pan-bo, ZHOU Ying, CHENG Shui-yuan, DUAN Wen-jiao, YAO Sen, LI Ji-feng, YUE Liang. Characteristics of heavy pollution process and source appointment in typical heavy industry cities. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(1): 31-40.
Song C, Wu L, Xie Y, et al. Air pollution in China:Status and spatiotemporal variations[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017,227:334-347.
[2]
Gao J, Wang K, Wang Y, et al. Temporal-spatial characteristics and source apportionment of PM2.5 as well as its associated chemical species in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018,233:714-724.
[3]
Lai S, Zhao Y, Ding A, et al. Characterization of PM2.5 and the major chemical components during a 1-year campaign in rural Guangzhou, Southern China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2016,167:208-215.
[4]
Ho K, Ho S, Huang R, et al. Chemical composition and bioreactivity of PM2.5 during 2013 haze events in China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2016,126:162-170.
[5]
于阳春,董灿,王新峰,等.济南市秋季大气颗粒物中水溶性离子的粒径分布研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2011,31(4):561-567. Yu C Y, Dong C, Wang X F, et al. Size distributions of waster-soluble inorganic ions of atmospheric aerosol particles in autumn in Jinan[J]. China Environmental Science, 2011,31(4):561-567.
[6]
杨孝文,周颖,程水源,等.北京冬季一次重污染过程的污染特征及成因分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(3):679-686. Yang X W, Zhou Y, Cheng S Y, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of a heavy winter air pollution event in Beijing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(3):679-686.
[7]
严国梁,韩永翔,张祥志,等.南京地区一次灰霾天气的微脉冲激光雷达观测分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014,34(7):1667-1672. Yan G L, Han Y X, Zhang X Z, et al. Analysis of a haze event in Nanjing with micro-pulse lidar measurements[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014,34(7):1667-1672.
[8]
生态环境部.2017中国生态环境状况公报[R]. 2017. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. Communique on China's ecological environment in 2017[R]. 2017.
[9]
Wang G, Cheng S, Lang J, et al. Characteristics of PM2.5 and assessing effects of emission-reduction measures in the heavy polluted city of Shijiazhuang, before, during, and after the Ceremonial Parade 2015[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2017,17(2):499-512.
[10]
温纬,韩力慧,代进,等.唐山夏季PM2.5污染特征及来源解析[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2014,40(5):751-758. Wen W, Han L H, Dai J, et al. Characteristics of PM2.5 pollution and source apportionment in Tangshan during summer[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2014,40(5):751-758.
[11]
丁媚英.激光雷达——佛山环保执法新利器[J]. 环境, 2015,11:42-43. Ding M Y. Lidar-Environmental protection enforcement tool in Foshan[J]. Environment, 2015,11:42-43.
[12]
Cheng S, Lang J, Zhou Y, et al. Anew monitoring simulation source apportionment approach for investigating the vehicular emission contribution to the PM2.5 pollution in Beijing, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2013,79(7):308-316.
[13]
Wang G, Cheng S, Wei W. Chemical characteristics of fine particles emitted from different Chinese cooking styles[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2015,15(6):2357-2366.
[14]
GB3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S]. 中国标准出版社, 2012. GB3095-2012 Ambient air quality standards[S]. China Standards Press, 2012.
[15]
Wen W, He X D, Ma X, et al. Understanding the regional transport contributions of primary and secondary PM2.5 components over Beijing during a severe pollution episode[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2017,18(7):1720-1733.
[16]
张晗宇,温维,程水源,等.京津冀区域典型重污染过程与反馈效应研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(4):1209-1220. Zhang H Y, Wen W, Cheng S Y, et al. Study on typical heavy pollution process and feedback effect in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(4):1209-1220.
[17]
杜吴鹏,房小怡,孟伟,等.气象因子对北京一次重污染天气过程影响研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2016,39(8):123-128. Du W P, Fang X Y, Meng W, et al. Impact analysis of meteorological factors on atmospheric environment in a typical serious pollution process in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2016, 39(8):124-128.
[18]
刘厚凤,杨欣,陈义珍,等.中国重霾过程污染气象研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2015,24(11):1917-1922. Liu H F, Yang X, Chen Y Z, et al. A review of meteorological effects on heavy haze pollution in China[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2015,24(11):1917-1922.
[19]
程念亮,张大伟,陈添,等.2015年北京市两次红色预警期间PM2.5浓度特征[J]. 环境科学, 2016,37(7):2409-2418. Cheng N L, Zhang D W, Chen T, et al. Concentration characteristics of PM2.5in Beijing during tow Red Alert Periods[J]. Environmental Science, 2016,37(7):2409-2418.
[20]
北京市统计局.北京市2018年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL]. http://tjj.beijing.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/ndgb/201903/t20190319_418980.html. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. Statistical bullentin on national economic and social development in Beijing, 2018[EB/OL]. http://tjj.beijing.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/ndgb/201903/t20190319_418980.html.
[21]
Tao J, Gao J, Zhang L, et al. PM2.5 pollution in a megacity of southwest China:source apportionment and implication. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2014,14:8679-8699.
[22]
He H, Wang Y, Ma Q, et al. Mineral dust and NOx promote the conversion of SO2 to sulfate in heavy pollution days. Nature. 2014,4:4172.
[23]
王占山,李云婷,孙峰,等.烟花爆竹燃放对北京市空气质量的影响研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2016,32(4):15-21. Wang Z S, Li Y T, Sun F, et al. Study on the effect of burning of fireworks on air quality in Beijing[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2016,32(4):15-21.
[24]
刘庆阳,刘艳菊,杨峥,等.北京城郊冬季一次大气重污染过程颗粒物的污染特征[J]. 环境科学学报, 2014,34(1):12-18. Liu Q Y, Liu Y J, Yang Z, et al. Daily variations of chemical properties in airborne particulate matter during a high pollution winter episode in Beijing[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2014,34(1):12-18.
[25]
Hou B, Zhuang G S, Zhang R, et al. The implication of carbonaceous aerosol to the formation of haze:Revealed from the characteristics and sources of OC/EC over amega-city in China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011,190:529-536.
[26]
郝建奇,葛宝珠,王自发,等.2013年京津冀重污染特征及气象条件分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2017,37(8):3032-3043. Hao J Q, Ge B Z, Wang Z F, et al. Characteristics and meteorological conditions analysis of severe haze events over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2017,37(8):3032-3043.
[27]
Zhang R H, Li Q, Zhang R. Meteorological conditions for the persistent severe fog and haze event over eastern China in January 2013[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2014,57(1):26-35.
