南京北郊水溶性离子污染特征及其光学特性

摘要
图/表
参考文献(41)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (615 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

为了分析南京北郊水溶性离子污染特征及其消光贡献，于2017年3月15日~4月15日、7月和10月开展了PM_2.5观测实验，分析了南京春夏秋3个季节的PM_2.5及其组分浓度特征、水溶性离子及其前体物转化特征以及水溶性离子的光学特性.结果表明，采样期间PM_2.5的质量浓度为（93.8±40.3）μg/m³，其中54.2%为水溶性离子，其总质量浓度为（50.9±25.6）μg/m³，而二次水溶性离子（SNA）占水溶性离子的76.8%.各水溶性离子组分分布为：NO₃^- > SO₄^2- > NH₄⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Cl^- > NO₂^- > K⁺ > F^- > Mg²⁺ > Na⁺.在季节变化上，PM_2.5和主要水溶性离子均为春季高，夏季低，但夏季NO₃^-4^2-.硫转化率（SOR）和氮转化率（NOR）在采样期的均值分别为0.38、0.22，这说明南京有较强的二次转化过程.采样期间，平均[NO₃^-]/[SO₄^2-]的值为1，这说明水溶性离子主要来源于移动源的排放.通过IMPROVE公式计算的大气消光系数低于实际值，但能够较为准确的反映出南京消光系数的趋势.各组分消光贡献从大到小分别为（NH₄）₂SO₄（38.9%）、NH₄NO₃（36.7%）、POM（13.6%）、EC（9.3%）、NO₂（1.5%）.其中SNA的消光贡献占70%以上，春季的SNA消光贡献最大，而夏季的最小.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王鑫
	安俊琳
	苏筱倩
	梁静舒
	刘静达

关键词 ： PM_2.5, 水溶性离子, 二次水溶性离子(SNA), 污染特征, 消光贡献, 南京北郊

Abstract：

In order to analyze the characteristics of water-soluble ion pollution and its extinction contribution in the northern suburbs of Nanjing, PM_2.5 observation experiments were carried out from March 15 to April 15, July, and October in 2017, and the concentration characteristics of PM_2.5 and its components, the conversion characteristics of water-soluble ions and their precursors, and the optical characteristics of water-soluble ions in the three seasons of in Nanjing were analyzed. The results showed that the mass concentration of PM_2.5 during sampling is (93.8 ±40.3)μg/m³. Among them, 54.2% were water-soluble ions, and its total mass concentration was (50.9±25.6)μg/m³, and secondary water-soluble ions (SNA) accounted for 76.8% of water-soluble ions. The distribution of each water-soluble ion component was:NO₃^- > SO₄^2- > NH₄⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Cl^- > NO₂^- > K⁺ > F^- > Mg^{2 +} > Na⁺. In terms of seasonal changes, PM_2.5 and main water-soluble ions were high in spring and low in summer, but NO₃^- < SO₄^2- in summer. The average values ??of sulfur conversion rate (SOR) and nitrogen conversion rate (NOR) during the sampling period were 0.38 and 0.22, which indicated that Nanjing had a strong secondary conversion process. During the sampling period, the average[NO₃^-]/[SO₄^2-] The value of was 1, which indicated that water-soluble ions were mainly derived from emissions from mobile sources. The atmospheric extinction coefficient calculated by IMPROVE formula was lower than the actual value, but it can more accurately reflect the trend of Nanjing extinction coefficient. The extinction contribution of each component was (NH₄) ₂SO₄ (38.9%), NH₄NO₃ (36.7%), POM (13.6%), EC (9.3%), NO₂ (1.5%). Among them, the SNA extinction contribution accounted for more than 70%, the SNA extinction contribution was the largest in spring, and the smallest in summer.

Key words： PM_2.5 water-soluble ion secondary water-soluble ions (SNA) pollution characteristics extinction contribution northern suburb of Nanjing

收稿日期: 2019-07-01

PACS:

X513

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（91544229）；国家重点研发计划专项（2016YFC0202400）；江苏省高校“青蓝工程”项目

通讯作者: 安俊琳,副教授,junlinan@nuist.edu.cn E-mail: junlinan@nuist.edu.cn

作者简介: 王鑫(1995-),男,江苏常州人,南京信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气环境.

引用本文:

王鑫, 安俊琳, 苏筱倩, 梁静舒, 刘静达. 南京北郊水溶性离子污染特征及其光学特性[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(2): 506-512. WANG Xin, AN Jun-lin, SU Xiao-qian, LANG Jing-shu, LIU Jing-da. Characteristics and optical properties of water-soluble ion pollution in the northern suburbs of Nanjing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(2): 506-512.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2020/V40/I2/506

[1]	He K B, Yang F M, Ma Y L, et al. The characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2001,35(29):4959-4970.
[2]	Yin H, Pizzol M, Xu L. External costs of PM2.5 pollution in Beijing, China:Uncertainty analysis of multiple health impacts and costs[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017,226:356-369.
[3]	卫菲菲,刘昊,陆晓波,等.南京市大气细颗粒物二次组分的时空变化特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(8):2866-2876. Wei F F, Liu H, Lu X B, et al. Temporal and spatial characteristics of secondary components of PM2.5 in Nanjing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(8):2866-2876.
[4]	郭振东,朱彬,王红磊,等.长江三角洲霾天气PM2.5中水溶性离子特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(3):928-938. Guo Z D, Zhu B, Wang H L, et al. Characteristics and source analysis of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in the haze weather over in Yangtze River Delta[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(3):928-938.
[5]	张棕巍,胡恭任,于瑞莲,等.厦门市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子污染特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(7):1947-1954. Zhang Z W, Hu G R, Yu R L, et al. Characteristics and sources apportionment of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 of Xiamen City, China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(7):1947-1954.
[6]	Dan W, Fan Z, Xin L G, et al. Chemical and light extinction characteristics of atmospheric aerosols in suburban Nanjing, China[J]. Atmosphere, 2017,8(12):149-167.
[7]	卢慧剑,金均,王琼真,等.杭州市大气PM2.5消光特性研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2016,38(9):53-56. Lu H J, Jin J, Wang Q Z, et al. Study on the characteristics of light extinction coefficients of atmospheric PM2.5 in Hangzhou, China[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2016,38(9):53-56.
[8]	黄玉虎,李媚,曲松,等.北京城区PM2.5不同组分构成特征及其对大气消光系数的贡献[J]. 环境科学研究, 2015,28(8):1193-1199. Huang Y H, Li M, Qu S, et al. Characteristics of different components of PM2.5and contribution to ambient light extinction coefficient in Beijing[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2015,28(8):1193-1199.
[9]	Chen W H, Wang X M, Zhou S Z, et al. Chemical composition of PM2.5 and its impact on visibility in Guangzhou, Southern China[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2016,16:2349-2361.
[10]	吴丹,曹双,汤莉莉,等.南京北郊大气颗粒物的粒径分布及其影响因素分析[J]. 环境科学, 2016,37(9):3268-3279. Wu D, Cao S, Tang L L, et al. Variation of size distribution and the influencing factors of aerosol in northern suburbs of Nanjing[J]. Environmental Science, 2016,37(9):3268-3279.
[11]	Yu X N, Ma J, An J L, et al. Impacts of meteorological condition and aerosol chemical compositions on visibility impairment in Nanjing, China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016,131:112-120..
[12]	高嵩,程迪,任晓宇,等.应用高分辨率在线大气与气溶胶检测系统监测分析南京北郊PM2.5中水溶性离子特征[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2018,18(5):331-340. Gao S, Cheng D, Ren X Y, et al. Analysis of water-soluble Ion characteristics of PM2.5 in the north suburb of Nanjing based on high-resolution Monitor for Ae Rosols and Gases in ambient Monitoring[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2018,18(5):331-340.
[13]	刘安康,王红磊,陈魁,等.南京市一次霾污染过程中水溶性离子分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(5):1793-1803. Liu A K, Wang H L, Chen K, et al. Distribution characteristics of water-soluble ions during a haze pollution process in Nanjing[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(5):1793-1803.
[14]	王曼婷,朱彬,王红磊,等.长三角冬季一次霾过程气溶胶及其水溶性离子的区域分布特征[J]. 环境科学, 2015,15(7):2337-2345. Wang M T, Zhu B, Wang H L, et al. Composition and regional characteristics of atmosphere aerosol and its water soluble ions over the Yangtze River Delta Region in a winter haze period[J]. Environmental Science, 2015,15(7):2337-2345.
[15]	吴杰,周建平,邓学良,等.巢湖地区能见度特征及其影响因子分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2019,35(2):40-45. Wu J, Zhou J P, Deng X L, et al. Analysis of visibility characteristics and its influencing factors over Chaohu Lake area[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019,35(2):40-45.
[16]	程真.长三角城市群灰霾污染与颗粒物理化性质的关系[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2013. Cheng Z. The relationship between grey haze pollution and physical and chemical properties of particulate matter in Yangtze river delta city agglomeration[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2013.
[17]	高澜,邱玉珺,朱彬.南京北郊气溶胶散射特性观测研究[J]. 中国环境监测, 2013,29(2):22-28. Gao L, Qin Y J, Zhu B, et al. An observation study of aerosol scattering properties in northern suburbs of Nanjing[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2013,29(2):22-28.
[18]	Che H Z, Zhang X Y, Li Y, et al. Horizontal visibility trends in China 1981~2005[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2007,34(24):497-507.
[19]	Deng J J, Wang T J, Jiang Z Q, et al. Characterization of visibility and its affecting factors over Nanjing, China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2010,101(3):681-691.
[20]	张程,于兴娜,沈丽,等.南京北郊冬季气溶胶散射特征及其与PM2.5化学组成的关系[J]. 生态环境学报, 2018,27(1):101-107. Zhang C, Yu X N, Shen L, et al. Aerosol scattering property and the relationship with PM2.5 chemical component during winter in the northern suburb of Nanjing[J]. Ecology and Environment, 2018,27(1):101-107.
[21]	Malm W C, Sisler J F, Huffman D, et al. Spatial and seasonal trends in particle concentration and optical extinction in the United States[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1994,99(D1):1347-1370.
[22]	Tao J, Gao J, Zhang L, et al. PM2.5 pollution in a megacity of southwest China:source apportionment and implication[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2014,14(16):8679-8699.
[23]	Li X, He K, Li C, et al. PM2.5 mass, chemical composition, and light extinction before and during the 2008 Beijing Olympics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 2013,118(21):12158-12167.
[24]	Wang H, Shi G, Tian M, et al. Aerosol optical properties and chemical composition apportionment in Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2017,577:245-257.
[25]	GB3095-2012环境空气质量标准[S]. GB3095-2012 Ambient air quality standard[S].
[26]	杨懂艳,刘保献,张大伟,等.2012~2013年间北京市PM2.5中水溶性离子时空分布规律及相关性分析[J]. 环境科学, 2015,36(3):768-772. Yang D Y, Liu B X, Zhang D W, et al. Correlation, seasonal and temporal variation of water-soluble ions of PM2.5 in Beijing during 2012~2013[J]. Environmental Science, 2015,36(3):768-772.
[27]	He Q S, Yan Y L, Guo L L, et al. Characterization and source analysis of water-soluble inorganic ionic species in PM2.5 in Taiyuan city, China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2017,184:48-55.
[28]	Wang W F, Yu J, Cui Y, et al. Characteristics of fine particulate matter and its sources in an industrialized coastal city, Ningbo, Yangtze River Delta, China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2018,203:105-117.
[29]	高韩钰,魏静,王跃思.北京南郊区PM2.5中水溶性无机盐季节变化及来源分析[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(5):1987-1993. Gao H Y, Wei J, Wang Y S. Seasonal variation and source analysis of water-soluble inorganic salts in PM2.5 in the southern suburbs of Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(5):1987-1993.
[30]	中国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴2018[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2018. National Bureau of Statistics of China. China statistical yearbook 2018[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press, 2018.
[31]	南京市统计局.南京统计年鉴2018[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2018. Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. Nanjing statistical yearbook 2018[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press, 2018.
[32]	周君蕊,黄宇,邱培培,等.武汉市大气污染源排放清单及分布特征研究[J]. 南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版), 2018,10(5):599-605. Zhou J R, Huang Y, Qiu P P, et al. Air pollutant emission inventory and distribution characteristics in Wuhan city[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2018,10(5):599-605.
[33]	张祥志,秦玮,严国梁.2011年南京市春季大气颗粒物污染特征分析[J]. 环境监控与预警, 2013,5(5):36-40. Zhang X Z, Qin W, Yan G L. Analysis on characteristics of atmospheric particulate pollution of Nanjing spring in 2011[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 2013,5(5):36-40.
[34]	吴丹,蔺少龙,杨焕强,等.杭州市PM2.5中水溶性离子的污染特征及其消光贡献[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(7):2656-2666. Wu D, Lin S L, Yang H Q, et al. Pollution characteristics and light extinction contribution of water-soluble ions of PM2.5 in Hangzhou[J]. Environmental Science, 2017,38(7):2656-2666.
[35]	王念飞,陈阳,郝庆菊,等.苏州市PM2.5中水溶性离子的季节变化及来源分析[J]. 环境科学, 2016,37(12):4482-4489. Wang N F, Chen Y, Hao Q J, et al. Seasonal variation and source analysis of the water-soluble Inorganic ions in fine particulate matter in Suzhou[J]. Environmental Science, 2016,37(12):4482-4489.
[36]	高丽波,王体健,崔金梦,等.2016年夏季南京大气污染特征观测分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(1):1-12. Gao L B, Wang T J, Cui J M, et al. Observation and analysis of the characteristics of air pollution in Nanjing in summer 2016[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(1):1-12.
[37]	Zhang X Y, Zhao X, Ji G X, et al. Seasonal variations and source apportionment of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 in Nanjing, a megacity in southeastern China[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 2019,76:73-88.
[38]	程渊,吴建会,毕晓辉,等.武汉市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子污染特征及来源[J]. 环境科学学报, 2019,39(1):189-196. Cheng Y, Wu J H, Bi X H, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of water-soluble ions in ambient PM2.5 in Wuhan, China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2019,39(1):189-196.
[39]	张丹,翟崇治,周志恩,等.重庆市主城区不同粒径颗粒物水溶性无机组分特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2012,25(10):1099-1106. Zhang D, Zhai Q Z, Zhou Z E, et al. Characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in different size particles in Chongqing[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2012,25(10):1099-1106.
[40]	Wang H, Shi G, Tian M, et al. Aerosol optical properties and chemical composition apportionment in Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2017,577:245-257.
[41]	黄玉虎,李媚,曲松,等.北京城区PM2.5不同组分构成特征及其对大气消光系数的贡献[J]. 环境科学研究, 2015,28(8):1193-1199. Huang Y H, Li M, Qu S, et al. Characteristics of different components of PM2.5 and contribution to ambient light extinction coefficient in Beijing[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2015,28(8):1193-1199.