Characteristics of changes in lake temperature in China and their response to climate change
WANG Rui1,2, NIU Zhen-guo1
1. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
To understand changes in lake temperature in China and its response to climate change, MODIS temperature product (MOD11A1) from 2000 to 2015 and nine representative big lakes, all more than 250km2 in surface area were chosen by us. These were Hulun Lake, Xingkai Lake, Hongze Lake, Taihu Lake, Fuxian Lake, Namco, Selinco, Qinghai Lake, and Bosten Lake, all distributed across different natural geographic regions within China. The Wavelet Transform method was used to study the seasonal and inter-annual variation characteristics of lake temperature and its response to climate change. All nine lakes had obvious seasonal variation in temperature. The annual difference in temperature of all nine lakes decreased from north to south across China as the latitude decreased. From 2000 to 2015, the inter-annual variation trend of lake temperature showed a rise and then a decline. The inflection point of inter-annual variation of Fuxian Lake, Selinco, and Bosten Lake is 2009, and the inflection point of the other six lakes occurred in 2010; lake temperature in all lakes showed a strong response to air temperature, and the variation trend of lake temperature and air temperature was basically the same. From 2000 to 2015, the onset date of icing in Selinco showed the most pronounced delaying trend, while the date of onset of icing in Namco showed the most pronounced advancing trend. The date of onset of ice melt in Hulun Lake showed the most pronounced advancing trend, while the most pronounced delaying trend of the onset of ice melt was observed in Namco. In this way, the icing period in Hulun Lake and Qinghai Lake became shorter, and that of Namco and Selinco became longer. The other lakes showed no significant change in the icing period.
王瑞, 牛振国. 中国湖泊温度变化特征及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(2): 780-788.
WANG Rui, NIU Zhen-guo. Characteristics of changes in lake temperature in China and their response to climate change. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(2): 780-788.
Lessard J A L, Hayes D B. Effects of elevated water temperature on fish and macroinvertebrate communities below small dams[J]. River Research & Applications, 2010,19(7):721-732.
[2]
Mackay M D, Neale P J, Arp C D, et al. Modeling lakes and reservoirs in the climate system[J]. Limnology & Oceanography, 2009,54(6):2315-2329.
[3]
Poole G C, Berman C H. An ecological perspective on in-stream temperature:natural heat dynamics and mechanisms of human-caused thermal degradation[J]. Environmental Management, 2001,27(6):787-802.
[4]
Hawkins C P, Hogue J N, Decker L M, et al. Channel morphology, water temperature, and assemblage structure of stream insects[J]. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 1997,16(4):728-749.
[5]
Regier H A, Holmes J A, Pauly D. Influence of temperature change on aquatic ecosystems:an interpretation of empirical data[J]. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 1990,119(2):374-389.
[6]
Delpla I, Jung A V, Baures E, et al. Impacts of climate change on surface water quality in relation to drinking water production[J]. Environment International, 2009,35(8):1225-1233.
[7]
宋连春.2018年中国气候变化蓝皮书[M]. 北京:中国气象局气候变化中心, 2018:7-11. Song L C. The blue book of China's climate change in 2008[M]. Beijing:Climate Change Center of China Meteorological Administration, 2018:7-11.
[8]
Qin B Q, Zhu G W, Gao G, et al. A drinking water crisis in Lake Taihu, China:linkage to climatic variability and lake management[J]. Environmental Management, 2010,45(1):105-112.
[9]
黄磊,王君波,朱立平,等.纳木错水温变化及热力学分层特征初步研究[J]. 湖泊科学, 2015,27(4):711-718. Huang L, Wang J B, Zhu L P, et al. Water temperature and characteristics of thermal stratification in Nam Co, Tibet[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2015,27(4):711-718.
[10]
Yang K, Yu Z, Luo Y, et al. Spatial and temporal variations in the relationship between lake water surface temperatures and water quality-A case study of Dianchi Lake[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018,624:859-871.
[11]
陈绍良,陆建伟,沈建强.太湖水体温度时空变化规律的初步研究[J]. 江苏水利, 2009,(3):38-39. Chen S L, Lu J W, Shen J Q. A preliminary study on the temporal and spatial variation of water temperature in Taihu Lake[J]. Jiangsu Water Resources, 2009,(3):38-39.
[12]
Xiao F, Ling F, Du Y, et al. Evaluation of spatial-temporal dynamics in surface water temperature of Qinghai Lake from 2001 to 2010 by using MODIS data[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2013,5(4):452-464.
[13]
Li Y, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Investigation of Water Temperature Variations and Sensitivities in a Large Floodplain Lake System (Poyang Lake, China) Using a Hydrodynamic Model[J]. Remote Sensing, 2017,9(12):1231-1249.
[14]
王琳杰,余辉,牛勇,等.抚仙湖夏季热分层时期水温及水质分布特征[J]. 环境科学, 2017,38(4):1384-1392. Wang L J, Yu H, Niu Y, et al. Distribution characteristics of water temperature and water quality of Fuxian Lake during thermal stratification period in summer[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(4):1384-1392.
[15]
王明达,侯居峙,类延斌.青藏高原不同类型湖泊温度季节性变化及其分类[J]. 科学通报, 2014,59(31):3095-3103. Wang M D, Hou J Z, Lei Y B. Classification of Tibetan lakes based on variations in seasonal lake water temperature[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2014,59(31):3095-3103.
[16]
曹银真.中国东部地区河湖水系与气候变化[J]. 中国环境科学, 1989,(4):247-255. Cao Y Z. River-lake systems and climate changes in eastern China[J]. China Environmental Science, 1989,(4):247-255.
[17]
张月霞,王慧梅,张睿.抚仙湖表层水温与气温关系研究[J]. 环境科学导刊, 2018,181(4):30-33. Zhang Y X, Wang H M, Zhang R. Study on the relationship between surface temperature and air temperature of Fuxian Lake[J]. Environmental Science Survey, 2018,181(4):30-33.
[18]
苏东生.基于Flake湖泊模式青海湖湖温对气候变暖的响应研究[C]//中国气象学会, 2016:1. Su D S. Study on the response of Qinghai Lake temperature to climate warming based on Lake Flake model[C]//Chinese Meteorological Society, 2016:1.
[19]
Wan W, Zhao L, Xie H, et al. Lake Surface Water Temperature Change Over the Tibetan Plateau From 2001 to 2015:A Sensitive Indicator of the Warming Climate[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2018, 45(20):11177-11186.
[20]
李其江.青海湖表层水温变化特征及对气候变化的响应[J]. 人民黄河, 2018,40(11):29-33. Li Q J. Variation characteristic of surface water temperature and its response to climate change in Qinghai Lake[J]. Yellow River, 2018,40(11):29-33.
[21]
拉巴,拉巴卓玛,陈涛.基于MODIS影像的西藏典型内陆湖泊变化研究及成因分析[J]. 气象与环境科学, 2011,34(3):37-40. La B, La B Z M, Chen T. Change research and cause analysis of inland lakes in Tibet based on MODIS image[J]. Meteorological and Environmental Sciences, 2011,34(3):37-40.
[22]
Qi M, Yao X, Li X, et al. Spatiotemporal characteristics of Qinghai Lake ice phenology between 2000 and 2016[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2019,29(1):115-130.
[23]
王智颖,吴艳红,常军,等.青藏高原湖冰物候的时空变化及其影响因素[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2017,43(5):701-709. Wang Z H, Wu Y H, Chang J, et al. Temporal and spatial variation of lake ice phenology and its influencing factors in the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Beijing University of technology, 2017,43(5):701-709.
[24]
曲斌,康世昌,陈锋,等.2006~2011年西藏纳木错湖冰状况及其影响因素分析[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2012,8(5):18-24. Qu B, Kang S C, Chen F, et al. Lake ice and its effect factors in the Nam Co Basin, Tibetan Plateau[J]. Climate Change Research, 2012, 8(5):18-24.
[25]
吴其慧.基于遥感影像的呼伦湖湖冰近30年的变化分析及其影响因素研究[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2018:1-50. Wu Q H. Study on the variation of Hulun Lake Ice in recent 30years and its influencing factors based on remote Sensing Image[D]. Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2018:1-50.
[26]
马荣华.中国湖泊分布地图集[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2015:126-161. Ma R H. Atlas of lake distribution in China[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2015:126-161.
[27]
郑景云,尹云鹤,李炳元.中国气候区划新方案[J]. 地理学报, 2010, 65(1):3-12. Zheng J Y, Yin Y H, Li B Y. A new scheme for climate regionalization in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010,65(1):3-12.
[28]
Carroll M L, DiMiceli C M, Wooten M R, et al. MOD44W MODIS/Terra Land Water Mask Derived from MODIS and SRTM L3Global 250m SIN Grid V006[Z]. NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC, 2017.
[29]
Wan Z, Hook S, Hulley G. MOD11A1MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3Global 1km SIN Grid V006[Z]. NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC, 2015.
[30]
何杰,阳坤.中国区域高时空分辨率地面气象要素驱动数据集[Z]. 寒区旱区科学数据中心, 2011. He J, Yang K. China Meteorological Forcing Dataset[Z]. Cold and Arid Regions Science Data Center at Lanzhou, 2011.
[31]
宁津生,汪海洪,罗志才.小波分析在大地测量中的应用及其进展[J]. 武汉大学学报:信息科学版, 2004,29(8):659-663. Ning J S, Wang H H, Luo Z C. Applications of wavelet analysis in geodesy and its progress[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2004,29(8):659-663.
[32]
李媛.小波变换及其工程应用[M]. 北京:北京邮电大学出版社, 2010:9. Li Y. Wavelet transform and its engineering application[M]. Beijing:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Press, 2010:9.
[33]
Kumar P, Foufoula G E. Wavelet analysis for geophysical applications[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 1997,35(4):385-412.
[34]
桑燕芳,王中根,刘昌明.小波分析方法在水文学研究中的应用现状及展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2013,32(9):1413-1422. Sang Y F, Wang Z G, Liu C M. Applications of wavelet analysis to hydrology:Status and prospects[J]. Progress in Geography, 2013, 32(9):1413-1422.
[35]
Kedra M, Wiejaczka L. Climatic and dam-induced impacts on river water temperature:Assessment and management implications[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2018,626:1474-1483.
[36]
张海.基于小波分析的气候要素长时间序列分析[D]. 北京:中国地质大学, 2018:1-48. Zhang H. Long-term sequence analysis of climate factors based on wavelet analysis[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences, 2018:1-48.
[37]
Ingrid D. Ten lectures on wavelets[M]. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1992:1-30.
[38]
章浙涛,朱建军,卢骏,等.小波变换在时间序列特征提取中的应用[J]. 测绘工程, 2014,23(6):21-26. Zhang Z T, Zhu J J, Lu J, et al. Application of wavelet transform to extracting the time series feature[J]. Engineering of Surveying and Mapping, 2014,23(6):21-26.
[39]
余予,任芝花,孟晓艳.中国结冰现象序列的建立及气候变化分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018,37(2):553-559. Yu Y, Ren Z H, Meng X Y. Construction and climate variation analysis of icing weather phenomenon series over China[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2018,37(2):553-559.
[40]
孙大明,田慧峰,张欢,等.长江上游水温监测及水温和气温关系研究[J]. 建筑节能, 2010,38(12):74-77. Sun D M, Tian H F, Zhang H, et al. Monitoring of water temperature and changing relationship between the water temperature and air temperature in the upper Yangtze River[J]. Building Energy Efficiency, 2010,38(12):74-77.
[41]
Pekel J F, Cottam A, Gorelick N, et al. High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes[J]. Nature, 2016, 540(7633):418-422.