中国边缘海柱样沉积物中<sup>239+240</sup>Pu的分布与时标价值

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摘要

根据中国边缘海已研究的77根^239+240Pu柱样沉积物，分析了柱样沉积物中^239+240Pu的来源、分布和时标特征.结果表明理论上给出的利用²¹⁰Pb、¹³⁷Cs和^239+240Pu 3种核素进行定年可能出现的26种情况，与实际情况完全吻合.中国边缘海海陆交汇，柱样沉积物中不同来源的^239+240Pu沉积叠加使得近岸海域（尤其是河口区）柱样沉积物中^239+240Pu的峰型轮廓明显.从近岸到远海，受到沉积物来源方式、海水深度、黑潮混合、扩散效应和边界清除效应等综合因素的影响，柱样沉积物中^239+240Pu的分布可能出现双峰（多峰）、单峰和无峰的情况.其中，柱样中^239+240Pu呈现单峰分布时，与全球大气沉降的高峰年1963年相对应，时标价值可靠.不同海洋环境条件下²¹⁰Pb、¹³⁷Cs和^239+240Pu定年的可靠性，应根据具体海洋沉积环境进行分析；海水中¹³⁷Cs和^239+240Pu核素沉积性质的差异，可能导致沉积峰不一致而影响定年的判断.

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关键词 ：中国边缘海, ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, ^239+240Pu, 定年, 柱样沉积物

Abstract：

According to 77 sedimentary cores of ^239+240Pu in the marginal sea of China, the distribution and time-scale characteristics of ^239+240Pu were analyzed, and 26possible cases of dating with ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, and ^239+240Pu were given in theory, which were in good agreement with the actual situation. The overlapping of ^239+240Pu sedimentary cores from different sources made the peak profile of ^239+240Pu obvious in the coastal waters (especially in estuaries). From near shore to far sea, the distribution of ^239+240Pu in sedimentary cores may have bimodal distribution (multi-peaks), unimodal distribution and non-peak distribution due to the influence of comprehensive factors such as ^239+240Pu source, seawater depth, Kuroshio current mixing, diffusion effect and boundary clear-up effect. When ^239+240Pu in the sedimentary core present a unimodal distribution, it corresponded to the peak year of global fallout in 1963, and the time scale value was reliable. The reliability of ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, and ^239+240Pu dating under different marine environment conditions should be analyzed according to the specific marine sedimentary environment because of the difference of sedimentary properties of ¹³⁷Cs and ^239+240Pu.

Key words： marginal sea of China ²¹⁰Pb ¹³⁷Cs ^239+240Pu dating sedimentary core

收稿日期: 2019-08-01

PACS:

X55

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFA0600502）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41671466）

通讯作者: 潘少明,教授,span@nju.edu.cn E-mail: span@nju.edu.cn

作者简介: 黄亚楠(1986-),男,河南正阳人,南京大学与澳大利亚国立大学联合培养博士生,主要从事同位素地球化学及年代学的研究.发表论文6篇.

引用本文:

黄亚楠, 潘少明. 中国边缘海柱样沉积物中^239+240Pu的分布与时标价值[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(3): 1235-1245. HUANG Ya-nan, PAN Shao-ming. The dating and distribution of ^239+240Pu in the sediment cores of the marginal sea of China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(3): 1235-1245.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2020/V40/I3/1235

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