冬季青岛不同气团来源气溶胶中磷浓度及溶解度

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摘要分析了2017-11~2018-01在青岛采集的气溶胶样品中总磷（TP）、溶解态总磷（DTP）、溶解态无机磷（DIP）和溶解态有机磷（DOP）浓度，讨论了来自北方快速移动的干冷气团（NS）和局地停滞性暖湿气团（LS）中气溶胶P浓度和溶解度的差异及其原因.TP浓度在NS和LS气溶胶中分别为（137.3±49.3）ng/m³和（115.8±45.8）ng/m³，DTP对TP的贡献（即P溶解度）分别为（20.7±5.6）%和（45.9±15.7）%.DTP中以DIP为主，其贡献在NS和LS气溶胶中分别为65.6%和55.3%.NS气溶胶中人为源P对TP的贡献为69%，略低于LS气溶胶中的72%.LS气溶胶中较高的酸化程度和相对湿度（RH）以及较慢的气团传输速率是其P溶解度显著高于NS气溶胶的原因.RH<60%时，无论酸化程度高低，P溶解度不超过30%；RH>60%时，酸化条件下，高的相对湿度和低的气团传输速率有利于显著提升P溶解度.因此，日趋严重的大气污染可能提高了我国近海大气生物可利用P的入海通量.

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关键词 ：磷(P), 溶解度, 气溶胶, 大气酸化, 相对湿度(RH), 气团来源

Abstract：Aerosol samples in Qingdao were collected from Nov. 2017 to Jan. 2018 to measure the total P (TP), dissolved total P (DTP), dissolved inorganic P (DIP) and dissolved organic P (DOP) contained in aerosols. A large difference of concentration and solubility of airborne particulate P existed between two types of air masses, e.g., fast-moving dry cold air masses from the northern continent sources (NS) and the stagnant warm moist air masses from local sources (LS), and the causes were investigated. The TP concentrations in NS-derived and LS-derived aerosols were (137.3 ±49.3) ng/m³ and (115.8 ±45.8) ng/m³, respectively, and the contributions of DTP to TP (i.e., P solubility) were (20.7±5.6)% and (45.9±15.7)%. DIP was the dominant form in DTP, and its contribution to DTP was 66% in NS aerosols and 55% in LS aerosols. The contributions of anthropogenic P to TP in NS-derived aerosols were 69%, slightly lower than LS-derived aerosols (72%). A combination of higher aerosol acidification degree (the molar ratio of acids/TP), higher ambient relative humidity (RH), and slower air mass transport speed could be used to explain the higher P solubility in LS-derived aerosols. At RH <60%, aerosol P solubility did not exceed 30% even at high levels of acids/TP. At RH >60%, acidic conditions and low aim mass moving speed could facilitate and enhance the conversion of aerosol P from insoluble to soluble. This study suggested that the severe air pollution might have increased the atmospheric input of bioavailable P to the China seas.

Key words： phosphorus (P) solubility aerosol atmospheric acidification relative humidity (RH) air mass source

收稿日期: 2020-01-13

PACS:

X513

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41876131）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0200504）

通讯作者: 石金辉,教授,engroup@ouc.edu.cn E-mail: engroup@ouc.edu.cn

作者简介: 马淼(1994-),女,山东淄博人,中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院硕士研究生,主要从事海洋大气环境化学研究.

引用本文:

马淼, 石金辉, 高会旺, 姚小红. 冬季青岛不同气团来源气溶胶中磷浓度及溶解度[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(9): 3748-3755. MA Miao, SHI Jin-hui, GAO Hui-wang, YAO Xiao-hong. Concentration and solubility of airborne particulate phosphorus at Qingdao in winter related to various types of air mass. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(9): 3748-3755.

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