生活垃圾焚烧飞灰加速碳酸化深度除氯与水洗除氯对比研究

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摘要选取了国内两个典型垃圾焚烧厂飞灰，在对飞灰基本理化特性进行分析的基础上，对比了水洗、加气水洗（通CO₂）、加气水洗+加碳酸盐水洗3种预处理方法的脱氯效果.结果表明，2种飞灰中氯含量均较高，分别达16.95%和20.52%.水洗预处理后氯的最高去除率分别达87.54%和90.12%.升高水洗温度对氯的去除贡献不明显.加气水洗可显著提高氯的去除率，2种飞灰氯的去除率分别达93.69%和99.19%，脱氯效果明显高于水洗脱氯.加气水洗虽提高了氯盐的去除率，但液相中依然残留有高浓度钙离子.在加气水洗的基础上，向反应体系中加入碳酸盐，可有效降低溶解性钙离子含量.通过对预处理飞灰进行XRD矿物相分析，发现加气碳酸化水洗较纯水洗过程去除了更多的难溶性氯盐，且处理后飞灰组分以碳酸钙和硫酸钙为主.采用《水泥化学分析方法（GB/T176-2017）》对加气水洗后飞灰进行测定，其氯含量低于1%，满足《生活垃圾焚烧飞灰污染控制技术规范（HJ1134-2020）》中资源化利用标准.

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	魏云梅
	姚瑞轩
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	周虹励
	刘思捷

关键词 ：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰, 除氯, 碳酸化, 资源化

Abstract：MSWI fly ash samples from two incineration plants in China were sampled and used (TX fly ash and JX fly ash). The physical and chemical properties of the ash samples were analyzed, and three Cl removal methods (water flushing, water flushing with CO₂-ventilation, and water flushing with CO₂-ventilation + carbonate salts addition) were adopted to remove Cl from MSWI fly ash. The results revealed that the two fly ash samples contain a high content of Cl (16.95% for TX fly ash and 20.52% for JX fly ash). When treated with pure water, the maximum Cl removal ratios were 87.54% and 90.12%. Elevated temperature posed no significant influence on Cl removal using water flushing. CO₂-ventilation during water flushing improved Cl removal, reaching maximum removal ratios of 93.69% and 99.19%. In spite of the higher removal ratios of Cl with CO₂-ventilation, the high content of Ca²⁺ in the flushing solution remains a problem. Addition of carbonate salt after CO₂-ventilation effectively reduced the concentration of Ca²⁺ in the solution. XRD analysis of the treated fly ash revealed an enhanced decomposition of the hardly soluble Cl-containing salts by CO₂-ventilation, and calcite and gypsum became the major minerals after accelerated carbonation. The content of Cl in the CO₂-treated fly ash was below 1%, which satisfies the utilization standard in Technical Specification for Pollution Control of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (HJ1134-2020).

Key words： MSWI fly ash chloride removal carbonation reuse

收稿日期: 2021-01-26

PACS:

X705

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51308564）

通讯作者: 魏云梅,副教授,wym_1982@cqu.edu.cn E-mail: wym_1982@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 魏云梅(1982-),女,河北保定人,副教授,博士,主要从事固体废物处理处置和土壤修复研究.发表论文10篇.

引用本文:

魏云梅, 姚瑞轩, 陈爽, 周虹励, 刘思捷. 生活垃圾焚烧飞灰加速碳酸化深度除氯与水洗除氯对比研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(9): 4184-4192. WEI Yun-mei, YAO Rui-xuan, CHEN Shuang, ZHOU Hong-li, LIU Si-jie. Removal of chloride from MSWI fly ash: a comparison of accelerated carbonation and water flushing. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(9): 4184-4192.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I9/4184

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