唐山市机动车排放清单与减排经济效益研究

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1395 KB) HTML (0 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要基于唐山市机动车定期环保检测数据获取不同类型车辆的本地年均行驶里程，建立城区内典型车辆的"里程-注册年"特征曲线.采用车载排放测试法获取唐山市典型国Ⅵ阶段轻重型汽车实际道路排放因子.利用COPERT模型进行机动车排放因子本地化修正，建立涵盖不同排放阶段和燃料动力类型的唐山市机动车排放清单，结合唐山市路网信息，建立基于ArcGIS的3km×3km高时空分辨率网格化排放清单，并分析了国三及以下中重型柴油车（简称高排放车）不同淘汰与DPF排放治理比例情景下机动车减排与投入成本效益.研究表明，2020年机动车CO，HC，NOx，PM_2.5，PM₁₀年排放量分别为92403.51，10034.53，70568.35，2036.51，2160.65t，其中：NO_x，PM_2.5和PM₁₀排放主要来源于柴油车，分担率分别为92%，89%和89%；CO和HC排放主要来自汽油车，分担率分别为71%和73%.唐山市实施二环内国Ⅳ及以下柴油货车限行区政策后，二环内CO和HC年排放量削减率分别为22.41%和21.68%；而NO_x，PM₁₀和PM_2.5污染物排放强度显著降低，年排放量削减率分别为78.60%，84.85%和84.79%.在高排放车淘汰与治理情景下，随着高排放车淘汰比例的增长，投入成本和NO_x年均减排量呈线性上升趋势，且NOx减排效果更加显著，而PM减排辆略呈下降趋势.高排放车淘汰率每增长10%，NO_x年均减排量增加892.41t，PM年均减排量减少7.56t，年投入成本增加1.13亿元.

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王计广
	桂华侨
	陈金潮
	王志伟
	孙世达
	杨志文
	张潇文
	毛洪钧

关键词 ：排放清单, 机动车排放, 年均行驶里程, 定期环保检测, DPF治理, 减排经济效益

Abstract：Based on the vehicle regular environmental inspection test data, the local average mileage of different vehicle types was obtained, and the "mileage-registration year" characteristic curve of typical vehicles in Tangshan was established. The actual road emission factors of typical China VI vehicles was obtained by PEMS. According to localized correction of vehicle emission factors by COPERT, the Tangshan vehicle emission inventory covering different emission stages and fuel power types was developed. Combining with the road network information of Tangshan, 3km×3km high spatial and temporal resolution grid vehicle emission inventory based on ArcGIS was developed. On this basis, emission reduction and input cost-effectiveness under different ratios scenarios of China Ⅲ and below heavy diesel vehicles (referred to as high emission vehicles) elimination and DPF retrofit were analyzed. The results show that the CO, HC, NO_x, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ annual emissions in 2020 were 92403.51, 10034.53, 70568.35, 2036.51 and 2160.65 tons respectively, which NO_x, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were mainly from diesel vehicles, accounting for 92%, 89% and 89% respectively; CO and HC emissions were mainly from gasoline vehicles, accounting for 71% and 73% respectively. After the implementation of diesel truck restriction zone policy for China IV and below emission standard in the Second Ring Road, the annual CO and HC emission reduction rates in the Second Ring Road were 22.41% and 21.68%, while the emission intensity of NO_x, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 pollutants had been significantly reduced, and the annual emissions reduction rates were 78.60%, 84.85% and 84.79%, respectively. Under the scenario of elimination and treatment of high emission vehicles, with the increase of high emission elimination ratio, the input cost and annual NO_x emission reduction showed a linear upward trend, and the NO_x emission reduction effect was more significant, while the PM emission reduction vehicles showed a slight downward trend. For every 10% increase in the elimination rate of high emission vehicles, the annual NO_x emission reduction increased by 892.41 tons, the annual PM emission reduction decreases by 7.56 tons, and the annual input cost increased by 113 million RMB.

Key words： emission inventory vehicle emission vehicle kilometers travelled periodic environmental inspections DPF retrofit economic benefits of emission reduction

收稿日期: 2021-04-02

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（42005108），安徽省优秀青年科技基金（1808085J19）

通讯作者: 桂华侨,研究员,hqgui@aofm.ac.cn E-mail: hqgui@aofm.ac.cn

作者简介: 王计广(1986-),男,河北唐山人,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为机动车污染防治技术与排放清单模型.发表论文20余篇.

引用本文:

王计广, 桂华侨, 陈金潮, 王志伟, 孙世达, 杨志文, 张潇文, 毛洪钧. 唐山市机动车排放清单与减排经济效益研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(11): 5114-5124. WANG Ji-guang, GUI Hua-qiao, CHEN Jin-chao, WANG Zhi-wei, SUN Shi-da, YANG Zhi-wen, ZHANG Xiao-wen, MAO Hong-jun. Vehicle emission inventory and economic benefits of emission reduction in Tangshan. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(11): 5114-5124.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I11/5114

[1]	卢亚灵,周佳,程曦,等.京津冀地区黄标车政策的总量减排效益评估[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(6):2566-2575.Lu Yaling, Zhou Jia, Cheng Xi, et al. Evaluation of total emission reduction benefits of yellow standard vehicle policy in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(6):2566-2575.
[2]	Li L Y, Xie S D, Zeng L M, et al. Characteristics of volatile organic compounds and their role in ground-level ozone formation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,113:247-254.
[3]	Zhang Qing-yu, Wei Yu-mei, Tian Wei-li, et a1. GIS based emission inventories of urban scale:A case study of Hangzhou, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008,42:5150-5165.
[4]	潘玉瑾,李媛,陈军辉,等.基于交通流的成都市高分辨率机动车排放清单建立[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(8):3581-3590.Pan Yujin, Li Yuan, Chen Junhui, et al. Establishment of high-resolution vehicle emission inventory in Chengdu based on traffic flow[J]. Environmental science, 2020,41(8):3581-3590.
[5]	Sun S, Jin J, Xia M, et al. Vehicle emissions in a middle-sized city of China:Current status and future trends[J]. Environment International, 2020,137:105514-105527.
[6]	张少君.中国典型城市机动车排放特征与控制策略研究[D]. 北京:清华大学, 2014.Zhang Shaojun. Research on vehicle emission characteristics and control strategies in typical cities in China[D]. Beijing:Tsinghua University, 2014.
[7]	Zhang Q, Sun G, Fang S, et al. Air pollutant emissions from vehicles in China under various energy scenarios[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2013,450-451,250-258.
[8]	孙世达,金嘉欣,吕建华,等.基于精细化年均行驶里程建立机动车排放清单[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(5):2018-2029.Sun Shida, Jin Jiaxin, LV Jianhua, et al. Establishment of vehicle emission inventory based on refined average annual driving mileage[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(5):2018-2029.
[9]	樊守彬,郭津津,李雪峰.基于路网车流量的北京城市副中心机动车污染控制情景[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(8):3571-3579.Fan Shoubin, Guo Jinjin, Li Xuefeng. Motor vehicle pollution control scenario of Beijing Sub Center Based on road network traffic flow[J]. Environmental science, 2018,39(8):3571-3579.
[10]	金嘉欣,孙世达,王芃,等.辽宁省2000~2030年机动车排放清单及情景分析[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(2):665-673.Jin Jiaxin, sun Shida, Wang Peng, et al. Vehicle emission inventory and scenario analysis of Liaoning Province from 2000 to 2030[J]. Environmental science, 2020,41(2):665-673.
[11]	Perugu H, Wei H, Yao Z. Developing high-resolution urban scale heavy-duty truck emission inventory using the data-driven truck activity model output[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2017,155:210-230.
[12]	P.ahlvik S. eggleston-N. goriben, et al. COPERTⅢ Computer programme to calculate emissions from road transport Methodology and emission factors (Version2.1)[M]. Copenhagen:EEA, 2000:14-20.
[13]	生态环境部.道路机动车大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[Z]. 生态环境部, 2014.Ministry of ecological environment. Technical guide for the preparation of air pollutant emission inventory of road motor vehicles (for Trial Implementation)[Z]. Ministry of ecological environment, 2014.
[14]	Chart-asa C, Gibson J M. Health impact assessment of traffic-related air pollution at the urban project scale:influence of variability and uncertainty[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2015,506/507:409-421.
[15]	孙世达,姜巍,高卫东.青岛市机动车排放清单与空间分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(1):49-59.Sun Shida, Jiang Wei, Gao Weidong. Emission inventory and spatial distribution characteristics of motor vehicles in Qingdao[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(1):49-59.
[16]	王志伟,刘士光.唐山市在用重型柴油车排放清单研究[J]. 中国环保产业, 2020.Wang Zhiwei, Liu Shiguang. Study on emission inventory of in-service heavy diesel vehicles in Tangshan[J]. China's environmental protection industry, 2020.
[17]	傅立新,贺克斌,何东全,等.MOBILE汽车源排放因子计算模式研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2009,31(9):89-94.Fu Lixin, he Kebin, he Dongquan, et al. Study on calculation model of mobile vehicle source emission factor[J]. Environmental pollution and prevention, 2009,31(9):89-94.
[18]	谢绍东,宋翔宇,申新华.应用COPERT Ⅲ模型计算中国机动车排放因子[J]. 环境科学, 2006,27(3):415-419.Xie Shaodong, song Xiangyu, Shen Xinhua. Calculation of vehicle emission factors in China using COPERT Ⅲ model[J]. Environmental science, 2006,27(3):415-419.
[19]	姚志良,贺克斌,王岐东,等. IVE机动车排放模型应用研究[J]. 环境科学, 2006,27(10):1928-1933.Yao Zhiliang, he Kebin, Wang Qidong, et al. Application of IVE vehicle emission model[J]. Environmental Science, 2006,27(10):1928-1933.
[20]	蔡皓,谢绍东.中国不同排放标准机动车排放因子的确定[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2010,46(3):319-326.Cai Hao, Xie Shaodong. Determination of vehicle emission factors with different emission standards in China[J]. Journal of Peking University (Natural Science Edition), 2010,46(3):319-326.
[21]	GB/T 38146.1-2019中国汽车行驶工况第1部分:轻型汽车[S].GB/T 38146.1-2019 driving cycle of motor vehicles in China Part 1:light vehicles[S].
[22]	GB/T 38146.2-2019中国汽车行驶工况第2部分:重型商用车辆[S].GB/T 38146.2-2019 driving cycle of motor vehicles in China Part 2:heavy commercial vehicles[S].
[23]	罗长亮,郭晓鑫,马毅,等.不同工况循环下的轻型汽车排放和油耗特性研究[J]. 小型内燃机与车辆技术, 2019,48(6):1-5.Luo Changliang, Guo Xiaoxin, Ma Yi, et al. Study on emission and fuel consumption characteristics of light vehicles under different working cycles[J]. Small internal combustion engine and vehicle technology, 2019,48(6):1-5.
[24]	GB18352.6-2016轻型汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法(中国第六阶段)[S].GB18352.6-2016 emission limits and measurement methods of pollutants from light vehicles (China phase VI)[S].
[25]	HJ857-2017重型柴油车、气体燃料车排气污染物车载测量方法及技术要求[S].HJ857-2017 on-board measurement methods and technical requirements for exhaust pollutants of heavy diesel vehicles and gas fuel vehicles[S].
[26]	Liu Z, Ge Y, Johnson K C, et al. Real-world operation conditions and on-road emissions of Beijing diesel buses measured by using portable emission measurement system and electric low-pressure impactor[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2011,409(8):1476-1480.
[27]	Goel R, Guttikunda S K. Evolution of On-road Vehicle Exhaust Emissions in Delhi[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,105:78-90.
[28]	Huo H, Zhang Q, He K B, et al. Vehicle-use intensity in China:current status and future trend[J]. Energy Policy, 2012,43:6-16.
[29]	杨雯,王学军,张倩茹.基于高精度清单的京津冀机动车控污政策研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(8):2803-2810.Yang Wen, Wang Xuejun, Zhang Qianru. Research on motor vehicle pollution control policy in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei based on high-precision inventory[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(8):2803-2810.
[30]	Cheng Y, Chen Y Y, Liu Y, et al. An method of high-resolution of urban traffic emission for pollution control:a case study in Beijing[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2018,18(2):236-244.
[31]	樊守彬,田灵娣,张东旭,等.基于实际道路交通流信息的北京市机动车排放特征[J]. 环境科学, 2015,36(8):2750-2757.Fan shoubin, Tian Lingdi, Zhang Dongxu, et al. Emission characteristics of motor vehicles in Beijing based on actual road traffic flow information[J]. Environmental science, 2015,36(8):2750-2757.
[32]	周昱,吴烨,林博鸿,等.北京市压缩天然气公交车的环境效果分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2010,30(10):1921-1925.Zhou Yu, Wu ye, Lin Bohong, et al. Environmental effect analysis of compressed natural gas buses in Beijing[J]. Journal of environmental science, 2010,30(10):1921-1925.
[33]	唐山市生态环境局.唐山市重型柴油车污染治理工作方案[EB/OL]. 唐山:唐山市人民政府(2020-7-22).Tangshan Ecological Environment Bureau. Work plan for pollution control of heavy diesel vehicles in Tangshan[EB/OL]. Tangshan:Tangshan Municipal People's Government (July 22, 2020).
[34]	唐山劳动日报.唐山市2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL]. 唐山:唐山劳动日报(2020-4-2).Tangshan labor daily. Statistical bulletin of national economic and social development of Tangshan in 2019[EB/OL]. Tangshan:Tangshan labor daily (2020-4-2).
[35]	冯明明."公转铁"政策下进口铁矿石疏港方式转变的经济环境影响研究[D]. 大连海事大学, 2020.Feng Mingming. Study on the economic and environmental impact of the transformation of port dredging mode of imported iron ore under the "public to iron" policy[D]. Dalian Maritime University, 2020.
[36]	唐山市人民政府.关于市中心禁止使用高排放机动车的通告[EB/OL]. 唐山:唐山市人民政府(2020-2-12).Tangshan Municipal People's Government. Notice on banning the use of high emission motor vehicles in the city center[EB/OL]. Tangshan:Tangshan Municipal People's Government (February 12, 2020).
[37]	Zhang S J, Niu T L, Wu Y, et al. Fine-grained vehicle emission management using intelligent transportation system data[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018,241:1027-1037.
[38]	中国环境保护产业协会.柴油车排气后处理装置技术要求第3部分:柴油颗粒捕集器(DPF)[Z] 中国环境保护产业协会, 2017.China Association of Environmental Protection Industry. Technical requirements for diesel vehicle exhaust aftertreatment device part 3:diesel particulate filter (DPF)[Z]. China Environmental Protection Industry Association, 2017.