The emissions of air pollutants from six typical airports in North China in 2017 were estimated using an improved method, which considered the mixing layer height calculated based on aircraft meteorological data relay (AMDAR) and improved the actual operation times of the aircraft under different modes. The total emissions of NOx, CO, VOC, SO2 and PM2.5 of the six airports were 21504.2, 7074.8, 1424.0, 1283.6 and 323.2t, respectively. The emissions of NOx, CO, VOC and SO2 from aircraft were much larger than the other emission sources in the airport, while the emission contributions of PM2.5 were similar. The HC and CO were mainly emitted during the taxi process, accounting for 90.6% and 90.2%, respectively. The NOx、SO2 and PM2.5 were mainly emitted during the climb process, accounting for 58.9%,38.7% and 43.5%, respectively. The emissions of six airports in January were relatively lower than that in other months, and the largest emissions were occurred in August. Based on the detailed emissions inventory of the airports developed in this study, a WRF-CMAQ modeling system was applied to investigate the impact of the Tianjin Binhai International Airport emissions on the PM2.5 concentration in the surrounding regions. The results indicated that the hourly maximum concentration contribution was 3.24μg/m3 in the airport area, The annual average and hourly maximum concentration contributions to the grids which were 5km away from the airport were 0.08 and 2.84μg/m3, respectively.
王瑞鹏, 周颖, 程水源, 段文娇, 吕喆, 沈泽亚. 华北地区典型机场清单建立及空气质量影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(4): 1468-1476.
WANG Rui-peng, ZHOU Ying, CHENG Shui-yuan, DUAN Wen-jiao, Lü Zhe, SHEN Ze-ya. The establishment of airports emission inventory and the air quality impactsfor typical airports in North China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2020, 40(4): 1468-1476.
中国民用航空局. 2017年民航机场生产统计公报[EB/OL]. http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/TJSJ/201803/t20180307_55600.html. Civil Aviation Administration of China. The civil aviation airport production statistical bulletin in 2017[EB/OL]. http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/TJSJ/201803/t20180307_55600.html.
[2]
张敬巧,吴亚君,李慧,等.廊坊开发区秋季VOCs污染特征及来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(8):3186-3192. Zhang J Q, Wu Y J, Li H, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in autumn in Langfang development zones[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(8):3186-3192.
[3]
徐冉.首都机场大气污染物排放清单的建立及对周边大气环境影响研究[D]. 北京工业大学, 2016. Xu R. Study of air pollutant emission inventory establishment for the Beijing capital international airport and impact on surroundingatmospheric environmental[D]. Beijing university of technology, 2016.
[4]
Unal A, Hu Y, Chang M E, et al. Airport related emissions and impacts on air quality:application tothe Atlanta International Airport.[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005,39(32):5787-5798.
[5]
Song S K, Shon Z H. Emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants from commercial aircraft at international airports in Korea[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012,61(61):148-158.
[6]
Song S K, Shon Z H, Kang Y H. Comparison of impacts of aircraft emissions within the boundary layer on the regional ozone in South Korea[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015,117(4):169-179.
[7]
李杰,赵志奇,刘新罡,等.首都国际机场航空器排放清单的计算分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(12):4469-4475. Li J, Zhao Z Q, Liu X G, et al. Study an analysis of aircraft emission inventory for Beijing Capital International Airport[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(12):4469-4475.
[8]
徐冉,郎建垒,杨孝文,等.首都国际机场飞机排放清单的建立[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(8):2554-2560. Xu R, Lang J L, Yang X W, et al. Establishment of aircraft emission inventory for Beijing Capital InternationalAirport[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(8):2554-2560.
[9]
Yang X W, Cheng S Y, Lang J L, et al. Characterization of aircraft emissions and air quality impacts of an international airport[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2018,72(10):200-209.
[10]
Yang X, Cheng S, Wang G, et al. Characterization of volatile organic compounds and the impacts on the regional ozone at an internationalairport[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018,238:491-499
[11]
黄清凤,陈桂浓,胡丹心,等.广州白云国际机场飞机大气污染物排放分析[J]. 环境监测管理与技术, 2014,26(3):57-59. Huang Q F, Chen G N, Hu D X, et al. Analysis of the Airplane Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants in Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport[J]. The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring, 2014,26(3):57-59.
[12]
储燕萍.上海浦东国际机场飞机尾气排放对机场附近空气质量的影响[J]. 环境监控与预警, 2013,5(4):50-52+56. Chu Y P. The Influence of the Aircraft Exhaust Emissions on Air Quality near Shanghai Pudong International Airport[J].
[13]
樊守彬,聂磊,李雪峰.应用EDMS模型建立机场大气污染物排放清单[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2010,10(4):93-96. Fan S B, Nie L, Li X F. Establishment of airport emission inventory by EDMS model[J]. Journal of Safety Environment, 2010,10(4):93-96.
[14]
Rissman J, Arunachalam S, Woody M, et al. A plume-in-grid approach to characterize air quality impacts of aircraft emissionsat the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 2013,13(18):9285-9302.
[15]
陈林.我国航空运输LTO阶段和巡航阶段排放量测算与预测[J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版), 2013,12(4):27-33. Chen L. Measurement and Forecast of the Emissions from Chinese Air Transportation LTO and Cruise Phases[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University (Social Sciences Edition), 2013,12(4):27-33.
[16]
Kalivoda M T, Kudrna M. Methodologies for estimating emissionsfrom air traffic:future emissions[R]. 1997, MEET Project ST-96-SC.204, Vienna, Austria:Perchtoldsdorf-Vienna, 46-53.
[17]
Wayson R L, Fleming G G, Kim B, 2003. Status report on proposed methodology to characterize jet/gas turbine engine particulate matter emissions[J]. US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 2003,FAA-AEE-03-01.
[18]
ICAO.Airport Air Quality Guidance Manual[R]. ICAO Preliminnary Unedited Version,15April, 2007.
[19]
中华人民共和国环境保护部.《非道路移动源大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)》[S]. 2014. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People' Republic of China. 《Technical guidelines for the compilation of air pollutant emission inventories from non-road mobile sources (trial implementation)》[S]. 2014.
[20]
中华人民共和国环境保护部.《道路机动车大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)》[S]. 2014. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People' Republic of China.《Technical guidelines for the compilation of air pollutant emission inventories from on-road vehicles (trial implementation)》[S]. 2014.
[21]
第一次全国污染源普查资料编纂委员会.污染源普查产排污系数手册[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2011. Compilation Committee of data of the first China pollution source census. Manual on emission coefficient of pollution source survey[M]. Beijing:China Environmental Press, 2011.
[22]
Wayson R L, Bowlby W. Use of microcomputers to perform airport emission inventories[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1990, 3(116):328-337.
[23]
樊守彬,田刚,李钢,等.北京铺装道路交通扬尘排放规律研究[J]. 环境科学, 2007,28(10):2396-2399. FAN S B, Tian G, Li G, et al. Emission Characteristics of Paved Roads Fugitive Dust in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2007,28(10):2396-2399.
[24]
周颖.区域大气污染源清单建立与敏感源筛选研究及示范应用[D]. 北京工业大学, 2012. ZHOU Ying. Study and application of the regional atmospheric pollutants emission inventories development and sensitive emission sources identification. Beijing university of technology, 2012.
[25]
Lang J, Cheng S, Li J, et al. A monitoring and modeling study to investigate regional transport and characteristics of PM2.5 pollution. Aerosol Air Quality Research, 2013,13(3):943-956.
[26]
Wen W, Cheng S, Chen X, et al. Impact of emission control on PM2.5 and the chemical composition change in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei during the APEC summit 2014[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016,23(5):4509-4521.
[27]
王堃,高佳佳,田贺忠,等.基于POI兴趣点的排放清单空间分配方法[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017,37(6):2377-2382. Wang K, Gao J J, Tian H Z, et al. An emission inventory spatial allocatemethod based on POI data[J]. China Environmental Science, 2017,37(6):2377-2382.
[28]
Stettler M E J, Eastham S, Barrett S R H. Air quality and public health impacts of UK airports. Part I:Emissions[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2011,45(31):5415-5424.
