甘肃地区春冬季颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析——基于HYSPLIT4模式及TraPSA分析平台

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摘要利用HYSPLIT4模式和全球资料同化系统数据，计算了甘肃地区5个站点2017~2018年逐时72h气团后向轨迹；结合各站点颗粒物逐时质量浓度数据，选择颗粒物污染最严重的春冬季，利用轨迹聚类方法分析了甘肃地区后向气流轨迹特征；基于潜在源贡献函数（PSCF）分析法和浓度权重轨迹（CWT）分析法，将各站点分析结果输入TraPSA分析平台进行加权叠加分析，探讨了影响甘肃地区春冬季颗粒物质量浓度的潜在源区及其贡献.结果表明：西北路径是影响甘肃地区的首要路径，其移动速度快、输送距离长、污染程度严重；东北路径次之，主要来源地为蒙古及内蒙古地区；甘肃南部地区受东南路径的短距离输送影响较大，且受到来自青藏高原的输送影响；甘肃地区春季气团轨迹的输送距离较冬季长且输送高度高，冬季PM_2.5浓度均值和PM_2.5/PM₁₀的比值均较夏季高.多站点PSCF叠加分析发现，PM₁₀潜在贡献源区春季主要分布在新疆东部、准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地东北部及青海西北部，蒙古南部、四川北部、青海西北部及东部有零星分布；冬季主要位于新疆东部及塔里木盆地、青海西北部及东部、陕西南部；冬季源区整体向南偏移，且省内的短距离输送加强.多站点CWT叠加分析发现，PM₁₀浓度贡献区春季主要位于新疆东部地区、准噶尔盆地附近，蒙古南部及内蒙古北部有线性分布，青海北部及甘肃北部区域有零星分布；冬季主要分布在新疆东部及甘肃北部地区；春季较冬季PM₁₀污染的主要贡献区域更大、污染更重，但省内的短距离传输及颗粒物污染程度减弱.

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关键词 ：甘肃地区, 大气颗粒物, HYSPLIT4模式, 聚类分析, 潜在源贡献函数(PSCF)分析, 浓度权重轨迹(CWT)分析, 多站点叠加分析

Abstract：The hour-by-hour 72-h air mass back-trajectories of five stations in Gansu province from 2017 to 2018 were calculated using the HYSPLIT4 model and the global data assimilation system. The trajectory clustering method was used to analyze the trajectory characteristics of the backward airflow in Gansu province by combining the time-to-time mass concentration data of particulate matter at each station in spring and winter when the particulate matter pollution was most severe. Based on the analysis method of potential source contribution function (PSCF) and the concentration weighted trajectory (CWT), the result of each station was weighted overlay analyzed using the TraPSA analysis platform, and the potential source areas and their contributions to the mass concentration of particulate matter over Gansu in spring and winter were discussed. The northwest path was the primary path affecting the Gansu province with its rapid movement, long transport distance and severe pollution level; the northeastern path was the next most important with Mongolia and Inner Mongolia being the main sources; southern Gansu was heavily influenced by short-range transportation from the southeastern path and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; the transportation distance and height of air mass over Gansu province was longer and higher in spring than in winter, and the mean PM_2.5concentration and the ratio of PM_2.5/PM₁₀ were both higher in winter than in summer. The PSCF analysis over multi-sites found that the potential contribution source areas of PM₁₀ in spring were mainly distributed in the eastern Xinjiang, Junggar Basin, northeastern Tarim Basin and northwestern Qinghai, with scattered distribution in southern Mongolia, northern Sichuan, northwestern and eastern Qinghai; while in winter it was mainly located in eastern Xinjiang and the Tarim Basin, northwestern and eastern Qinghai, and southern Shanxi; the source area in general shifted southwards in winter and the short-range transportation within the province intensified. The CWT analysis over multi-sites showed that the main contribution areas of PM₁₀concentration in spring were located in the eastern Xinjiang, the Junggar Basin, with linear distribution in southern Mongolia and northern Inner Mongolia and scattered distribution in northern Qinghai and northern Gansu; in winter, it was mainly located in the eastern Xinjiang and northern Gansu; the main contribution area of PM₁₀ was larger and more polluted in spring than in winter, but the short-range transportation and the degree of particulate matter pollution within the province were weakened.

Key words： Gansu province atmospheric particulate matter HYSPLIT4 mode cluster analysis potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis concentration weight trajectory (CWT) analysis multi-sites overlay analysis

收稿日期: 2021-07-06

PACS:

X513

基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目（lzujbky-2017-66）

通讯作者: 潘峰,教授,panfeng@lzu.edu.cn E-mail: panfeng@lzu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张芊(1997-),男,安徽合肥人,兰州大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气污染、大气环境等方面研究.发表论文5篇.

引用本文:

张芊, 庞可, 马彩云, 陈恒蕤, 马明月, 孔祥如, 潘峰. 甘肃地区春冬季颗粒物输送路径及潜在源分析——基于HYSPLIT4模式及TraPSA分析平台[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(2): 509-518. ZHANG Qian, PANG Ke, MA Cai-yun, CHENG Heng-rui, MA Ming-yue, KONG Xiang-ru, PAN Feng. Analysis of transportation path and potential sources of atmospheric particulate matter over Gansu Province in spring and winter—Based on HYSPLIT4model and TraPSA analysis platform. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(2): 509-518.

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