黄河源区鄂陵湖中多环芳烃的百年沉积记录

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摘要为研究黄河源区多环芳烃（PAHs）的污染历史，于2016年7月在鄂陵湖中采集了沉积物柱芯，采用²¹⁰Pb定年，利用气相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱仪（GC-MS/MS）分析了16种PAHs，运用有序聚类分析对PAHs的垂向分布进行分带，并采取主成分分析及多元线性回归定量分析了PAHs的来源.结果表明，鄂陵湖沉积柱的沉积速率为0.176cm/a，慢于青藏高原多数湖泊.总PAHs的含量为11.3~54.7ng/g，平均值为29.2ng/g，与其他高原和偏远地区湖泊沉积物相比，处于较低水平，可被视为PAHs的全球沉积物背景值.PAHs的垂向变化分为1948年以前、1948~1976和1976~2016年3个时间段，5~6环PAHs在1948~2016年间呈上升趋势，与青海省人口及大型牲畜数量显著相关，反映了鄂陵湖地区近70a来的人类活动以农牧业为主.PAHs来源分为本地源（23%）以及长距离迁移与本地混合源（77%）.本地源的垂向变化与5~6环PAHs一致，代表了青藏高原地区以牛粪饼为主要燃料的生物质燃烧源.

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	丁洋
	郑煌
	黄焕芳
	张原
	陈英杰
	廖婷
	刘晋宏
	邢新丽
	祁士华

关键词 ：青藏高原, 多环芳烃, 有序聚类分析, 主成分分析, 源解析

Abstract：The pollution history of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the source region of the Yellow River was investigated with a sediment core in Ngoring Lake collected in July 2016. The chronology was dated by ²¹⁰Pb and 16US-EPA priority PAHs were determined by the gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results showed that the average sedimentation rate was 0.176cm/a, which was slower than most lakes in Tibetan Plateau. The concentrations of Σ₁₆PAHs ranged from 11.3ng/g to 54.7ng/g with a mean value of 29.2ng/g, which stayed at a low level compared with other lake sediments in Tibetan Plateau and remote regions. The concentrations of PAHs in Ngoring Lake can be considered as the global background value of PAHs in lake sediments. The vertical distribution of PAHs was divided into three periods:before 1948, 1948~1976, and 1976~2016 by the sequential cluster analysis. Five-ring and six-ring PAHs increased from 1948 to 2016 and significantly correlated with population and amounts of big livestock in Qinghai Province, indicating that ranching was the dominant human activities around Ngoring Lake. The results of principle components analysis combined with multiple linear regression showed the sources of PAHs may be attributed to the local source and the mixed source of long-range atmospheric transport and local emission. These two sources contributed 23% and 77% to the total PAHs, respectively. The vertical trend of the local source coincided with five-and six-ring PAHs, which is correlated with that cow dung is the major fuel in Tibetan Plateau.

Key words： Tibetan Plateau polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sequential cluster analysis principal component analysis source apportionment

收稿日期: 2019-01-10

PACS:

X524

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41473095，41503112，41773124）；中央高校基本科研业务费青年教师提升计划优青基金资助项目（CUGL170208）

通讯作者: 祁士华,教授,shihuaqi@cug.edu.cn E-mail: shihuaqi@cug.edu.cn

作者简介: 丁洋(1993-),男,四川达州人,中国地质大学(武汉)博士研究生,主要从事环境地球化学研究.发表论文2篇.

引用本文:

丁洋, 郑煌, 黄焕芳, 张原, 陈英杰, 廖婷, 刘晋宏, 邢新丽, 祁士华. 黄河源区鄂陵湖中多环芳烃的百年沉积记录[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(8): 3465-3473. DING Yang, ZHENG Huang, HUANG Huan-fang, ZHANG Yuan, CHEN Ying-jie, LIAO Ting, Liu Jin-hong, XING Xin-li, QI Shi-hua. Centennial sedimentary records of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Ngoring Lake at the source region of the Yellow River, Tibetan Plateau. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(8): 3465-3473.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I8/3465

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