临汾市臭氧污染变化特征、气象影响及输送源分析

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摘要结合2014~2020年临汾市臭氧逐小时质量浓度和同期气象数据、再分析数据以及潜在源贡献函数法（PSCF）对临汾市O₃污染时空变化特征、与气象因子的关系以及传输路径及潜在源分布开展研究.结果表明，临汾市近年来臭氧污染日益严重，O₃_8h_max年均质量浓度整体呈现上升趋势，2020年相对于2014年增加78.79%；月变化特征呈现“M”双峰型，季节变化峰值出现在夏季，而日变化受近地面大气光化学过程影响显著，呈较为明显的单峰单谷分布，峰值出现在14：00~16：00.O₃浓度与气温和日照时数呈显著线性正相关，当研究区相对湿度为40%~60%，气温高于20℃，风速区间为2~6m/s时易出现高浓度O₃污染.聚类分析表明临汾市O₃重污染天气期间以短距离输送气流为主，高O₃浓度除受到本地生成影响外，还受到省内临近城市及陕西省中部、河南省北部重工企业排放的大量NO_x和VOCs传输的影响.因此，针对临汾市O₃污染在严格控制本地污染源排放的前提下，必须加强汾渭平原地区的联防联控，才能有效缓解该区域大气污染的连片发生.

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关键词 ： O₃质量浓度, 气象因子, 潜在源贡献函数(PSCF), 浓度权重(CWT), 临汾市, 污染特征

Abstract：The spatial and temporal variations in ozone pollution and their relationship with meteorological factors, transmission paths, and potential source distribution in Linfen City were investigated in this study using the potential source contribution function (PSCF) coupled with the hourly ozone mass concentration observations and meteorological data from 2014 to 2020. Results indicate that Linfen City has suffered from increasingly severe ozone pollution in recent years. Overall, the annual average mass concentration of O₃_8h_max presented an upward trend, exhibiting a 78.79% increase from 2014 to 2020. Monthly variations featured with an "M"-type double peak, and the seasonal variation peak occurred in summer. Besides, the diurnal variation was significantly affected by the near-surface atmospheric photochemical process, showing a discernible single-peak and single-valley distribution with a peak between 14:00 and 16:00. The O₃ concentration demonstrated a significant linear positive correlation with air temperature and hours of sunshine. When the relative humidity was 40%~60%, the temperature was above 20℃, and the wind speed ranged 2~6m/s, the high-concentration O₃ pollution would be liable to occur. The transmission mainly relied on short-distance airflow during periods of heavy O₃-polluted weather. In this context, in addition to local O₃ generation, high O₃ concentrations were also affected by the large NO_x and VOCs emissions from heavy industries in neighboring cities in Shanxi Province, central Shaanxi Province, and northern Henan Province. Therefore, joint prevention and control measures on the O₃ pollution in Linfen City must be adopted throughout the Fenwei Plain area under the premise of strictly controlling the emissions of local pollution sources.

Key words： O₃ mass concentration meteorological factor PSCF CWT Linfen City pollution characteristics

收稿日期: 2022-01-18

PACS:

X511

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目资助（72104132）；教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目资助（21YJCZH136）；山西省哲学社会科学规划课题（2020YJ091）；山西省基础研究计划资助项目（20210302124201）.

通讯作者: 宋晓伟,副教授,songxiaowei@sxufe.edu.cn E-mail: songxiaowei@sxufe.edu.cn

作者简介: 宋晓伟(1987-),男,山西介休人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为大气污染控制模拟.发表论文10余篇.

引用本文:

宋晓伟, 郝永佩, 朱晓东, 王京伟, 薛盼, 刘卫婷. 临汾市臭氧污染变化特征、气象影响及输送源分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2022, 42(8): 3626-3634. SONG Xiao-wei, HAO Yong-pei, ZHU Xiao-dong, WANG Jing-wei, XUE Pan, LIU Wei-ting. Variations in Ozone pollution and their meteorological influences and transmission sources in Linfen City of China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2022, 42(8): 3626-3634.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V42/I8/3626

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