2019~2021年北京市PM<sub>2.5</sub>及组分受风向影响研究

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摘要利用北京市2019~2021年的气象数据、PM_2.5及组分浓度数据,结合常规污染物NO₂浓度,分别对PM_2.5及组分浓度、气象参数、NO₂浓度和氮氧化率(NOR)大小的时空变化进行分析比较.结果表明:2019~2021年三年间北京市城区PM_2.5浓度下降14%,但NO₃^-上升12%;各风向上,北京市城区PM_2.5浓度大小顺序为:东北风>东风>西南风>东南风>南风>西风>北风>西北风,此外,二次无机盐组分最高浓度均出现在偏东风风向,有机物(OM)最高浓度出现在西南风;各风向年际变化上,2019~2021年,北京市PM_2.5、各组分及NO₂浓度在空间上均呈现高浓度“东移”特征,NO₃^-在东北风向上上升幅度最高,达65.7%;东北、东风及东南风风向上,相对湿度同步升高,NOR在东北、东风风向上同步升高,升高幅度达70%,由此认为,北京市NO₃^-在东北风向上的反弹与前体物浓度东移和东北风向上相对湿度的升高有关.

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	陈晨
	李云婷
	常淼
	景宽
	孙峰
	郭元喜
	董欣
	孙瑞雯
	沈秀娥
	刘保献

关键词 ： PM_2.5, 组分浓度, 风向分布, NO₃^-浓度反弹, 气象条件

Abstract：Using the meteorological data, PM_2.5 and component concentration data of Beijing from 2019 to 2021, combined with the NO₂ concentration, the temporal and spatial changes of PM_2.5 and component concentration, meteorological parameters, NO₂ concentration and nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) were analyzed and compared. The results showed that: (1) PM_2.5 concentration in urban areas of Beijing decreased by 14% in the three years from 2019 to 2021, but NO₃^- rebounded by 12%; (2) Each wind was upward, and the order of PM_2.5 concentration in urban areas of Beijing was: northeast wind> east wind> southwest wind> southeast wind> south wind> west wind> north wind > northwest wind, in addition, the highest concentration of secondary inorganic salt components appeared in the easterly wind direction, and the highest concentration of organic matter (OM) appeared in the southwest wind; (3) In terms of interannual changes in various wind directions, from 2019 to 2021, the concentration of PM_2.5, components and NO₂ in Beijing showed the characteristics of high concentration "eastward shift" in space, and NO₃^- rebounded the highest upward in the northeast wind, reaching 65.7%; (4) The north, northeast and southeast winds were upward, and the relative humidity increases synchronously, and NOR increased synchronously in the northeast and east winds, with an increase of 70%, so it was believed that the rebound of NO₃^- in the northeast wind in Beijing was related to the eastward shift of precursor concentration and the increase of relative humidity in the northeast wind.

Key words： PM_2.5 component concentration wind direction distribution NO₃^- concentration rebound meteorological conditions

收稿日期: 2023-04-13

PACS:

X513

基金资助:北京市科技支撑课题(Z211100004321006);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC1809000)

通讯作者: 刘保献,正高级工程师,liubaoxian28@163.com E-mail: liubaoxian28@163.com

作者简介: 陈晨(1989-),女,北京人,工程师,硕士,主要从事大气环境监测与污染成因分析研究.发表论文10余篇.chenchen9007@126.com.

引用本文:

陈晨, 李云婷, 常淼, 景宽, 孙峰, 郭元喜, 董欣, 孙瑞雯, 沈秀娥, 刘保献. 2019~2021年北京市PM_2.5及组分受风向影响研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(12): 6261-6269. CHEN Chen, LI Yun-ting, CHANG Miao, JING Kuan, SUN Feng, GUO Yuan-xi, DONG Xin, SUN Rui-wen, SHEN Xiu-e, LIU Bao-xian. The influence of PM_2.5 and component concentration on wind direction in Beijing from 2019 to 2021. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(12): 6261-6269.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I12/6261

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