青藏高原城市PM<sub>2.5</sub>和O<sub>3</sub>污染特征及影响因素

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摘要为了解青藏高原城市空气质量现状及影响因素,利用2015~2022年20个青藏高原城市的大气环境监测站数据,分析了PM_2.5和O₃的时空分布特征、污染物之间关系及气象因素的影响.结果显示:PM_2.5和O₃浓度在高原东北部最高;较2015年,2022年PM_2.5浓度下降52.9%,O₃浓度上升4.2%;PM_2.5高值多出现在春夏,最高为65.2μg/m³;O₃受平流层入侵影响,春夏最高;PM_2.5与PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂和CO呈明显正相关关系,O₃则与上述污染物呈负相关关系;PM_2.5与湿度、温度负相关,与风速关系不明显;O₃与温度和风速呈正相关.研究结果反映了青藏高原城市PM_2.5和O₃的污染特征,也提示两种污染物之间存在复杂关系.下一步还需开展源解析和污染过程模拟,以期为高原城市大气污染联防联控提供依据.

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关键词 ：青藏高原, 空气质量, PM_2.5, 臭氧

Abstract：In order to understand the current status and influencing factors of air quality in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau cities, atmospheric environmental monitoring station data from 20 cities on the plateau from 2015 to 2022 were utilized to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃, the relationships between pollutants, and the impacts of meteorological factors. The results indicated that PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations were highest in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Compared with 2015, PM_2.5 concentrations in 2022 decreased by 52.9%, while the O₃ concentration increased by 4.2%. High PM_2.5 values were predominantly observed in spring and summer, with a maximum of 65.2μg/m³. O₃ was influenced by stratospheric intrusions, peaking in spring and summer. PM_2.5 exhibited a significant positive correlation with PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂ and CO, whereas O₃ showed a negative correlated with these pollutants. PM_2.5 was negatively correlated with humidity and temperature, and its relationship with wind speed was insignificant. In contrast O₃ exhibited a positive correlation with temperature and wind speed. The research findings reflected the pollution characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the urban areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and suggested there is a complex relationship between the two pollutants. Further source apportionment and pollution process simulations are needed to provide a basis for joint prevention and control of atmospheric pollution in the plateau cities.

Key words： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ambient air quality PM_2.5 ozone

收稿日期: 2023-10-07

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42377103);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0605)

通讯作者: 丛志远,教授,czy@utibet.edu.cn E-mail: czy@utibet.edu.cn

作者简介: 李灿然(1998-),女,四川南充人,西藏大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气环境监测研究.13281218638@163.com.

引用本文:

李灿然, 布多, 谢民生, 尼霞次仁, 万欣, 丛志远. 青藏高原城市PM_2.5和O₃污染特征及影响因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(6): 3060-3069. LI Can-ran, BU Duo, XIE Min-sheng, NYIXIA Tsring, WAN Xin, CONG Zhi-yuan. Pollution characteristics and influencing factors of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution in the cities of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(6): 3060-3069.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I6/3060

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