华中背景地区大气颗粒物中水溶性离子特征与来源解析

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摘要为探究华中背景地区大气PM_2.5中水溶性无机离子(WSIIs)的特征、形成机制及来源,本研究在金沙国家大气本底站进行了为期一年的采样观测.结果表明:PM_2.5年均质量浓度为(31.40±2.05)μg/m³,季节变化明显,冬季最高,夏季最低.二次无机气溶胶(SNA,即SO₄^2-、NO₃^-和NH₄⁺)是WSIIs的重要组成部分,春季、夏季、秋季和冬季SNA在WSIIs所占比例分别为84.0%、77.6%、79.8%和84.5%.研究期间阴阳离子物质的量当量比值(AE/CE)的平均值为0.91,PM_2.5呈现弱碱性.(NH₄)₂SO₄、NH₄NO₃和NH₄Cl是夏季离子形态的主要形式,而(NH₄)₂SO₄是春、秋、冬季的主要离子形态.硫氧化率(SOR)和氮氧化率(NOR)分别为0.48和0.14,与PM_2.5呈显著正相关,表明SO₄^2-和NO₃^-主要来自二次生成,二次转化是PM_2.5浓度上升重要原因.WSIIs的潜在来源和传输路径具有明显的季节特征,近距离输送气流的SOR和NOR均较大,污染物从源区向背景地区迁移过程中二次转化明显,来自西北或者正北方的远距离气团携带的污染物浓度较大,受到明显的区域传输影响.

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	邓萌杰
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关键词 ：背景地区, PM_2.5, 水溶性离子, 来源解析

Abstract：To investigate the characteristics, formation mechanisms, and sources of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in PM_2.5 in the central China background area, the study conducted a one-year sampling observation at the Jinsha atmospheric background station. The results showed that the average annual mass concentration of PM_2.5 was (31.40±2.05) μg/m³, showing remarkable seasonal variations of the highest level in winter and lowest in summer. Secondary inorganic aerosol (SNA, i.e., SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, and NH₄⁺) was an important component of PM_2.5. The proportions of SNA in WSIIs in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 84.0%, 77.6%, 79.8%, and 84.5%, respectively, indicating secondary formation was pronounced. The average molar equivalent ratio of anions and cations (AE/CE) during the study period was 0.91, and PM_2.5 showed weak alkalinity. (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄NO₃, and NH₄Cl were the main forms of ion species in summer, while (NH₄)₂SO₄ may be the main form in spring, autumn, and winter. The sulfur oxidation rate (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) were 0.48 and 0.14, respectively, showing a significant positive correlation with PM_2.5, indicating that secondary conversion was an important reason for the increase in PM_2.5 concentration. The potential sources and transmission paths of WSIIs had obvious seasonal characteristics. The secondary transformation of pollutants during the migration process from the source area to the background area was obvious, and the concentration of pollutants carried by long-distance air masses from the northwest or due north was relatively high.

Key words： background region PM_2.5 water-soluble inorganic ions source apportionment

收稿日期: 2023-11-07

PACS:

X513

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42277093)

通讯作者: 成海容,教授,chenghr@whu.edu.cn E-mail: chenghr@whu.edu.cn

作者简介: 邓萌杰(1995-),男,河北邢台人,武汉大学博士研究生,主要从事大气污染控制研究.发表论文5篇.dengmengjie163@163.com.

引用本文:

邓萌杰, 雷雨果, 成海容. 华中背景地区大气颗粒物中水溶性离子特征与来源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(7): 3573-3580. DENG Meng-jie, LEI Yu-guo, CHENG Hai-rong. Characteristics and source apportionment of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_2.5 in central China background region. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(7): 3573-3580.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I7/3573

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