基于IASI的京津冀及周边NH<sub>3</sub>分布特征及影响因素分析

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摘要红外大气探测干涉仪(IASI)卫星遥感数据,开展京津冀及周边地区大气氨排放强度和氨总量的核算方法研究,为大气氨的遥感监测应用和氨减排提供支持.首先,对空间非连续数据进行空间插值,进而统计大气氨年均排放强度(YNH₃)、季均排放强度(QNH₃)、月均排放强度(MNH₃),并估算大气氨总量(TNH₃).然后,据此分析研究区大气氨的空间分布特征及时间变化规律.最后,探究了大气氨排放的影响因素.结果表明:2014~2022年,研究区的大气氨日均排放强度为7.99kg/km²,区域中部是YNH₃高值区,5个柱浓度低且增长率也低的地级市主要分布在冀北和豫南,8个柱浓度低但增长率高的地级市分布在豫西南、冀中和胶东半岛,19个柱浓度高但增长率低和16个柱浓度高且增长率也高的地级市分布在区域中部和环渤海一带. 9年间,YNH₃和TNH₃均呈增长趋势,研究区的YNH₃从5.89kg/km²增长到9.20kg/km²,复合年均增长率为5.73%;TNH₃从1169kt增长到1825kt; 时间分布上,QNH₃呈周期性变化特征,夏季是QNH₃峰值季,7月是MNH₃峰值月.TNH₃与耕地和人口的相关性高,且其空间分布高度一致,表明农业和人口是氨排放的重要影响因素,随机森林分析结果表明农业源和生活源是最显著的氨减排因子.本研究证明大气氨遥感监测能为空气质量监测业务提供数据支持.

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	宋小可
	姜磊
	鹿海峰
	沈秀娥
	王新辉
	孙爽
	李磊
	李金香

关键词 ： NH₃, IASI, 时空特征, 影响因素

Abstract：Monitoring and obtaining observation data of atmospheric anomia is of great significance for further reducing fine particles pollution. The study uses satellite remotely sensed Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) data to conduct research on the accounting method of atmospheric ammonia emission intensity and total ammonia in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, providing support for the remote sensing monitoring application of atmospheric ammonia and ammonia reduction. Spatial interpolation was performed on spatially discontinuous data to calculate the annual average emission intensity (YNH₃), seasonal average emission intensity (QNH₃), and monthly average emission intensity (MNH₃) of atmospheric ammonia, and to estimate the total amount of atmospheric ammonia (TNH₃). By doing so, the spatial distribution characteristics and temporal variation patterns of atmospheric ammonia in the study area were analyzed, and finally, the influencing factors of atmospheric ammonia emissions were further examined. The results showed that from 2014 to 2022, the daily average emission intensity of atmospheric ammonia in the study area was 7.99kg/km². The central part of the region was a high value area for YNH₃, and the five cities with low column concentrations and low increasing rates were mainly distributed in northern Hebei and southern Henan. The eight cities with low column concentrations but high increasing rates were distributed in southwestern Henan, central Hebei, and Jiaodong Peninsula. The nineteen cities with high column concentrations but low increasing rates and sixteen cities with high column concentrations and high increasing rates were distributed in the central region and the surrounding of the Bohai Sea. Over the past 9 years, both YNH₃ and TNH₃ have shown an increasing trend, with YNH₃ in the study area growing from 5.89kg/km² to 9.20kg/km², with a compound annual growth rate of 5.73%; TNH₃ increased from 1169kt to 1825kt. In terms of temporal distribution, QNH₃ exhibited periodic changes, with summer being the peak season for QNH₃ and July being the peak month for MNH₃. TNH₃ had a high correlation with arable land and population, and their spatial distributions were highly consistent with each other, indicating that farming and population are important influencing factors of ammonia emissions in the study area. Random Forest analysis showed that agricultural and living sources were the most significant reduction factors of ammonia emission. This study demonstrated that remote sensing monitoring of atmospheric ammonia can offer data support for air quality monitoring operations.

Key words： Atmospheric ammonia IASI spatio-temporal characteristics influencing factors

收稿日期: 2024-06-18

PACS:

X511

通讯作者: 李金香,教授级高工,lijinxiang@bjmemc.com.cn E-mail: lijinxiang@bjmemc.com.cn

作者简介: 宋小可(1996-),女,北京人,硕士,主要从事大气环境遥感监测.发表论文2篇.song20220804@163.com.

引用本文:

宋小可, 姜磊, 鹿海峰, 沈秀娥, 王新辉, 孙爽, 李磊, 李金香. 基于IASI的京津冀及周边NH₃分布特征及影响因素分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(1): 30-39. SONG Xiao-ke, JIANG Lei, LU Hai-feng, SHEN Xiu-e, WANG Xin-hui, SUN Shuang, LI Lei, LI Jin-xiang. Spatio-temporal distribution and influencing factors of atmospheric ammonia in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas based on IASI observation data. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(1): 30-39.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I1/30

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