东北黑土区旱地土壤剖面除草剂残留及其影响因素

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摘要为探究除草剂在农田土壤中的纵向残留状况,以东北黑土区14个典型旱地土壤剖面(0~100cm)为研究对象,对不同深度土壤中57种除草剂残留进行测定,分析除草剂垂直分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明: 不同土地利用方式的除草剂施用策略主导了其残留特征.玉米地常用的烟嘧磺隆在0~60cm土层中的残留水平明显高于其他除草剂; 除草剂辛醇~水分配系数与其在表层土壤(0~20cm)中的分布比例负相关(P<0.001),除草剂降解周期与其在深层土壤(80~100cm)中的分布比例呈正相关(P<0.05); 在表层土壤中,土壤pH值与除草剂分布比例呈负相关(P<0.05).深层土壤中,土壤容重与除草剂分布比例呈负相关(P<0.05);夏季降雨促进了土壤剖面中除草剂的纵向迁移.研究结果可为我国黑土地农田土壤除草剂残留阻控与风险管理提供数据支撑和科学依据.

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	刘汉强
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	黄标
	赵永存

关键词 ：黑土地, 除草剂, 土壤剖面, 残留特征, 影响因素

Abstract：This study examined the vertical distribution of herbicide residues in 14 typical dryland soil profiles (0~100cm) from the black soil region of Northeast China. Residues from 57 different herbicides were measured across various soil depths to clarify their vertical distribution characteristics and influencing factors. The findings revealed that herbicide residue characteristics were primarily influenced by the application strategies under different land uses. Notably, nicosulfuron, a commonly used herbicide in cornfields, exhibited significantly higher residue levels in the 0~60cm soil layer compared to other herbicides. A negative correlation was observed between the herbicide's octanol-water partition coefficient (logK_ow) and its distribution ratio in the surface soil (0~20cm) (P<0.001), while a positive correlation was found between the herbicide's degradation period and its distribution ratio in the deep soil (80~100cm) (P<0.05). Additionally, soil pH was negatively correlated with herbicide residues in surface soils (P<0.05), and soil bulk density was negatively correlated with herbicide residues in deep soils (P<0.05). Summer rainfall was found to enhance the vertical migration of herbicides within the soil profile. These results provide crucial data and a scientific foundation for the mitigating, risk control and management of herbicide residues in the agricultural soils of China's black soil region.

Key words： black soil herbicide soil profile residual characteristics influencing factor

收稿日期: 2024-06-18

PACS:

X592

基金资助:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28010100);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500202);江苏省科技计划“一带一路”创新合作项目(BZ2023003)

通讯作者: 胡文友,副研究员,wyhu@issas.ac.cn E-mail: wyhu@issas.ac.cn

作者简介: 刘汉强(2000-),男,四川资阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事区域污染物多介质残留调查与风险评估研究.发表论文1篇.liuhanqiang@issas.ac.cn.

引用本文:

刘汉强, 李睿, 菅乐, 胡文友, 谢恩泽, 黄标, 赵永存. 东北黑土区旱地土壤剖面除草剂残留及其影响因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(1): 243-252. LIU Han-qiang, LI Rui, JIAN Le, HU Wen-you, XIE En-ze, HUANG Biao, ZHAO Yong-cun. Residues and influencing factors of herbicides in dryland soil profiles in the black soil region of Northeast China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(1): 243-252.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I1/243

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