黄河“几字弯”大气水分亏缺及其影响因素的时空变化特征

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摘要选取时空趋势分析、地理探测器、时空地理加权回归模型(GTWR),探讨陆—气系统交互作用下,饱和水汽压差(VPD)受太阳辐射、气候、土壤、植被的影响程度及其时空异质性特征.结果表明:1982~2021年黄河“几字弯”地区多年平均VPD值为0.785kPa,该区西北部的年均VPD值最高、中部和西部次之.各区域年际和各季节VPD均呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05),其中夏季VPD增幅最强[0.072kPa/10a],东部年际VPD增幅最强[0.045kPa/10a].在年际尺度上,水分条件(降水和土壤水分)对VPD的影响较强,温度次之;东南部NDVI对VPD也存在较强影响.降水与温度的交互作用对VPD影响最强,其次是深层土壤水分与降水、温度和植被指数的交互作用.在时空尺度上,从1980s到2010s,降水和植被指数对VPD的限制作用随着时间从该区西北部向东南部逐渐增强;温度对VPD的促进作用随着时间从南部向北部逐渐增强;深层土壤水分对VPD的限制作用随着时间从东南部向西北部逐渐减弱.研究结果为揭示该区陆地—大气相互作用过程、促进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供科学依据.

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关键词 ：饱和水汽压差(VPD), 大气水分, 地理探测器, GTWR, 黄河“几字弯”

Abstract：The influence of solar radiation, climate, soil, and vegetation on the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), as well as the characteristics of its spatiotemporal heterogeneity under the effects of its interaction with the terrestrial-atmospheric system, were explored using spatiotemporal trend analysis, geodetector, and geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) models. The results showed that the multi-year average VPD value for the Jizi Bay of the Yellow River from 1982 to 2021 was 0.785kPa, with the highest annual VPD value found in the northwestern part of the area, followed by the central and western parts. Interannual and seasonal VPD showed a significant increase in all regions (P<0.05), with the highest increase in summer VPD [0.072kPa/10a] and a high increase in mean annual VPD in the east [0.045kPa/10a]. On the interannual scale, moisture conditions (precipitation and soil moisture) had the strongest influence on VPD, followed by temperature; in the southeast, NDVI had a strong influence on VPD. Additionally, the interaction of precipitation and temperature had the strongest influence on VPD, followed by the interaction of deep soil moisture with precipitation, temperature, and vegetation indices. On the spatiotemporal scale, from the 1980s to the 2010s, the limiting effects of precipitation and vegetation indices on VPD were gradually enhanced over time from the northwest to the southeast of the region. Furthermore, the promoting effects of temperature on VPD gradually increased with time from the south to the north, while the limiting effects of deep soil moisture on VPD gradually weakened with time from the southeast to the northwest. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for revealing the process of land–atmosphere interaction in this region and promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words： vapor pressure deficit (VPD) atmospheric water geodetector GTWR the Jizi Bay of the Yellow River

收稿日期: 2024-07-16

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42161008),宁夏自然科学基金项目(2024AAC05041)

通讯作者: 侯迎,副教授,holying@nxu.edu.cn E-mail: holying@nxu.edu.cn

作者简介: 侯迎(1985-),男,山东菏泽人,副教授,博士,主要从事气候变化及其生态环境效应研究.发表论文30余篇.holying@nxu.edu.cn.

引用本文:

侯迎, 黄欣慧, 褚阳, 刘雯惠, 马小娟. 黄河“几字弯”大气水分亏缺及其影响因素的时空变化特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(2): 637-647. HOU Ying, HUANG Xin-hui, CHU Yang, LIU Wen-hui, MA Xiao-juan. Spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric moisture deficit and its influencing factors in the “Jizi Bay” of the Yellow River. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(2): 637-647.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I2/637

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