水沙环境变化对季节性多沙河流沉积物菌群特征的影响

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摘要

为辨析沉积物粒度特征、氮磷含量及上覆水水质3类环境因子，对季节性多泥沙河流沉积物细菌群落多样性和结构特征变化的影响，采用T-RFLP技术分析了不同水文时期渭河（陕西段）流域沉积物细菌群落结构变化特征，并通过冗余分析和蒙特卡罗检验识别了不同时期的关键环境驱动因子.结果表明，不同水文时期渭河水沙环境差异显著.丰水期沉积物TN含量升高了1~2个数量级，且空间差异明显减小（RSD=17%）.沉积物中的氮磷比受上覆水氮磷比影响较大，两者之间在丰水期呈现出一定的正相关关系（0.687，P=0.6）.渭河干流沉积物细菌群落Shannon多样性指数在2.02~3.18之间，不同时期的沿程变化特征各异.相对平水期和枯水期，丰水期渭河沉积物细菌多样性的空间差异最大（RSD=37.4%），不同点位优势群落结构组成的Bray-Curtis相似度最低（17.4%）.PAT比对表明优势细菌大多归属于变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）.沉积物氮磷含量对细菌群落变化的影响，在平水期和枯水期较为直接.上覆水水质对不同水文时期沉积物菌群变化解释度的贡献占比超过60%，对丰水期沉积物微生物环境的影响尤其显著.

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	刘睿
	周孝德

关键词 ：渭河, 沉积物, 细菌群落, T-RFLP

Abstract：

The seasonal change of the diversity and structure of sediment bacterial communities in sandy Weihe River and the influences of sediment particle characteristic, sediment nutrient content and the quality of overlaying water were investigated using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. The results of redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed significant seasonal variations of sediment characteristics and water quality. Total nitrogen content in sediment increased one order of magnitude with a decrease of spatial heterogeneity (RSD=17%) in wet season, while N:P in sediment was moderately correlated with N:P in overlying water. Based on T-RFLP, the Shannon index of sediment bacterial communities in mainstream ranged between 2.02 and 3.18. Spatial change pattern of bacterial diversity was also considerably different between hydrological seasons. Sediment bacterial communities in wet season had the strongest heterogeneity (RSD=37.4%) and the lowest Bray-Curtis similarity (17.4%). Most of the dominant fragments belong to species within the phyla of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Properties of sediment strongly influenced bacterial communities in normal and dry season, while the quality of overlying water had a close relationship with sediment bacteria community in wet season. All these results indicated the complexity of sediment bacterial community variation in seasonally sandy river, and significant impacts of sediment characteristics and overlying water quality.

Key words： Weihe River sediment bacterial community T-RFLP

收稿日期: 2017-04-16

PACS:

X172

基金资助:

教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20136118120022）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2013SZS02-P01）

通讯作者: 周孝德,教授,zhouxd@xaut.edu.cn E-mail: zhouxd@xaut.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘睿(1985-),女,河南泌阳人,西安理工大学博士研究生,研究方向为环境微生物.发表论文5篇.

引用本文:

刘睿, 周孝德. 水沙环境变化对季节性多沙河流沉积物菌群特征的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(11): 4342-4352. LIU Rui, ZHOU Xiao-de. Influences of sediment characteristics and overlying water quality on sediment bacterial communities in a seasonal sandy river. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(11): 4342-4352.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2017/V37/I11/4342

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