春季潘家口水库沉积物-水界面氮磷赋存特征及迁移通量

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摘要以春季潘家口水库沉积物为研究对象，分析了水库整体营养盐污染现状及内源释放特征.通过高分辨率间隙水采样器（HR-Peeper）获得沉积物间隙水，以此分析营养盐垂向分布特征及空间差异性；以原柱样沉积物静态释放试验获取沉积物-水界面营养盐迁移通量，并分析了潘家口水库内源负荷特征.结果表明：库区沉积物营养盐释放风险较高，TN、TP含量分别为3701.59~8221.28和756.28~1696.15mg/kg.通过C/N比确定2017年以前的网箱养殖残留的饲料和鱼粪是水体富营养化的主因.原柱样静态释放结果表明，NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^－-N、NO₂^－-N、SRP交换通量分别为23.71~156.80，-7.37~-161.78，1.64~33.4和0.56~2.86mg/（m²·d），潘家口水库内源负荷相对较高.该结果与水库本身的高有机质及氮磷赋存量、生物分解耗氧及春季逐步提高的水温有关，导致营养盐加速释放进入上覆水柱.潘家口水库的内源负荷能够加速水库的富营养化进程，应采取措施控制潘家口水库内源负荷.

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	王洪伟
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	钟继承

关键词 ：潘家口水库, 沉积物-水界面, 营养盐, 内源负荷, 扩散通量

Abstract：The sediments from Panjiakou Reservoir were selected as the research object. The overall status of nutrient pollution and the release characteristics of internal loading of the reservoir were analyzed. The vertical distribution characteristics and spatial differences of nutrient were analysed by obtaining interstitial water in sediments via high-resolution interstitial water samplers (HR-Peeper). The transport fluxes of nutrient at the sediment-water interface were obtained by static release test of intact sediment cores, and the internal loading characteristics of Panjiakou Reservoir were analysed. The release risk of nutrient in the sediments was relatively high, and the TN and TP content was 3701.59~8221.28 mg/kg and 756.28~1696.15 mg/kg, respectively. According to the C/N ratio, the main cause of eutrophication in Panjiakou Reservoir was the residual feed and fish manure from cage culture before 2017. The static release results of the intact sediment cores showed that the exchange fluxes of NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、NO₂^--N and SRP were 23.71~156.80, -7.37~-161.78, 1.64~33.4, and 0.56~2.86mg/(m²·d), respectively, and the internal loading of Panjiakou Reservoir was relatively high. The results are related to the high contents of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus, oxygen consumption by biological decomposition and gradually increasing water temperature in spring, which leads to the accelerated release of nutrient into the overlying water column. The internal loading of Panjiakou Reservoir can accelerate the process of eutrophication, and measures should be taken to control the internal loading of Panjiakou Reservoir.

Key words： Panjiakou Reservoir sediment-water interface nutrient internal loading diffusive flux

收稿日期: 2021-02-03

PACS:

X524

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41771516）；水利部海河水利委员会引滦工程管理局潘家口水库内源污染专项

通讯作者: 钟继承,副研究员,jczhong@niglas.ac.cn E-mail: jczhong@niglas.ac.cn

作者简介: 王洪伟(1995-),男,安徽安庆人,中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所硕士研究生,研究方向为湖库内源负荷及污染控制.发表论文6篇.

引用本文:

王洪伟, 王少明, 张敏, 胡晓康, 汤梦瑶, 杨凡艳, 钟继承. 春季潘家口水库沉积物-水界面氮磷赋存特征及迁移通量[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(9): 4284-4293. WANG Hong-wei, WANG Shao-ming, ZHANG Min, HU Xiao-kang, TANG Meng-yao, YANG Fan-yan, ZHONG Ji-cheng. Occurrence characteristics and transport fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus at sediment-water interface of Panjiakou Reservoir in spring. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(9): 4284-4293.

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