华南四座固体废物综合处理产业园周边土壤重金属研究

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摘要采集了华南四座固体废物综合处理产业园周边表层土壤样品，并分析各样品中Cd、Pb、Hg、As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn和Co等9种重金属以及氟化物的含量，研究了重金属和氟化物的含量水平、空间分布及来源构成.结果表明，研究范围内表层土壤重金属和氟化物含量均值范围分别为Cd（0.165~1.161mg/kg）、Pb（37.8~60.7mg/kg）、Hg（0.041~0.103mg/kg）、As（3.6~26.2mg/kg）、Cr（26.4~67.7mg/kg）、Cu（19.1~54.6mg/kg）、Ni（10.4~26.8mg/kg）、Zn（70.8~109.1mg/kg）、Co（5.51~18.69mg/kg）、F（349.1~618.1mg/kg）.除四座园区周边表层土壤的Cd含量超出背景值1.9~19.7倍以及RFH周边表层土壤的As含量超出背景值1.9倍外，其余指标的含量与背景值相差不大.综合空间分布特征分析和主成分分析的结果，可以将9种重金属和氟化物分为2个大类.Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Zn的分布特征极为相似，且相互之间有极显著相关性，结合聚类分析和主成分分析结果，其来源主要为土壤母质；Hg、Cd、Pb、As和F的与土壤母质和多种人类活动污染有关.采用各固体废物焚烧设施累积排放量和污染源周边土壤背景总量对比，构建了各污染源的指纹谱，研究结果显示Hg、Cd、Pb、As和F可以作为固体废物综合处理产业园焚烧烟气污染源的指纹谱备选因子.

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关键词 ：重金属, 氟化物, 固体废物综合处理产业园, 土壤, 空间分布, 指纹谱

Abstract：The contents, spatial distribution and source composition of nine selected heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co) and fluorine were determined and analyzed in the top soils surrounding four municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment parks (MSWCTP) in South China. The mean contents of contaminants in the top soils surrounding the four MSWCTPs were 0.165~1.161mg/kg for Cd, 37.8~60.7mg/kg for Pb, 0.041~0.103mg/kg for Hg, 3.6~26.2mg/kg for As, 26.4~67.7mg/kg for Cr, 19.1~54.6mg/kg for Cu, 10.4~26.8mg/kg for Ni, 70.8~109.1mg/kg for Zn, 5.51~18.69mg/kg for Co, and 349.1~618.1mg/kg for F. The mean contents of Cd in the top soils surrounding four MSWCTPs and As in the top soils surrounding RFH were 1.9~19.7 and 1.9 times higher than their respective background values. While the mean contents of other contaminants showed no significant differences by comparing with the corresponding background values. Using principle component analysis, two groups of heavy metals with different spatial distribution were identified:Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, and Zn originated from lithological sources, whereas Hg, Cd, Pb, As, and F were affected by both lithological and human sources. Based on the emission data and background values of soil, the fingerprint spectra of pollution sources for MSWCTP were established, in which Hg, Cd, Pb, As, F were chosen as potential indicators.

Key words： heavy metals fluorine municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment park (MSWCTP) soil spatial distribution fingerprint spectrum

收稿日期: 2020-07-27

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41375124）；国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项（201309034）；深圳市生态环境局环境科研专项基金项目

通讯作者: 赵曦,高级工程师,zhaoxi5257@sina.com E-mail: zhaoxi5257@sina.com

作者简介: 赵曦(1982-),男,湖南省湘潭人,高级工程师,主要研究方向为固体废物和土壤环境污染防治、重金属和持久性有机污染物风险评价研究.发表论文10余篇.

引用本文:

赵曦, 陆克定, 熊波文, 黄艺, 吴姗姗, 徐晶. 华南四座固体废物综合处理产业园周边土壤重金属研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(3): 1282-1292. ZHAO Xi, LU Ke-ding, XIONG Bo-wen, HUANG Yi, WU Shan-shan, XU Jing. Heavy metals in soils surrounding four municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment parks in South China. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(3): 1282-1292.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V41/I3/1282

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