The effects of different concentrations of algal blooms on the two submerged macrophytes
DAI Liang-liang1,2, GUO Liang-liang1,2, WU Zhong-kui1, ZHOU Wei-cheng1,2, LI Gen-bao1
1. State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
In order to examine the effects of the amount of algal blooms on the restoration of submerged vegetations, we carried out the simulated experiments to study the growth and physiological responses of Potamogeton pectinatus and Elodea nuttallii to different concentrations (0, 6.25×108, 2.5×109, 1010cell/L) of algal blooms. The results showed that the dry weight of E. nuttallii at the low concentration (6.25×108cell/L) of algal blooms was less than that of the control group, whereas the dry weight of P. pectinatus was not less than that of control group until the concentration of algal blooms reaches 1010cell/L. Compared with other treatments, the height of P. pectinatus was the shortest, while the height of E. nuttallii was the highest at the high concentration (1010cell/L) of algal blooms. It was showed that the photosynthetic activity of P. pectinatus decreased from 0.77 to 0.50 at the high concentration (1010cell/L) of algal blooms. However, the change of photosynthetic activity of E. nuttallii was not significant, ranging from 0.72 to 0.79. The antioxidant enzymes activity of submerged macrophytes decreased with increasing amount of algal blooms. These studies suggest that the effect of algal blooms on the growth of aquatic plants is dose-dependent. Although submerged plants can tolerate short-term stress of low concentrations of algal blooms, the high concentrations of algal blooms affect the resistance physiology of submerged macrophytes. The high concentrations of algal blooms greatly affect the growth of submerged plants over a long time, thereby affecting the restoration of submerged vegetations.
代亮亮, 郭亮亮, 吴中奎, 周维成, 李根保. 不同浓度藻类水华对两种沉水植物的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(9): 2765-2773.
DAI Liang-liang, GUO Liang-liang, WU Zhong-kui, ZHOU Wei-cheng, LI Gen-bao. The effects of different concentrations of algal blooms on the two submerged macrophytes. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2016, 36(9): 2765-2773.
Jeppesen E, Sondergaard M, Sondergaard M, et al. The structuring role of submerged macrophytes in lakes[M]. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012:91-113.
[3]
Gumbricht T. Nutrient removal processes in freshwater submersed macrophyte systems[J]. Ecological Engineering, 1993, 2(1):1-30.
[4]
Van donk E, Van D E, Bund W J. Impact of submerged macrophytes including charophytes on phyto-and zooplankton communities: allelopathy versus other mechanisms[J]. Aquatic botany, 2002,72(3):261-274.
[5]
Melzer A. Aquatic macrophytes as tools for lake management[J]. Hydrobiologia, 1999,395:181-190.
QIU D R, WU Z B. Ecological studies on aquatic macrophytes in lake Donghu of Wuhan-feasibility for rehabilitation of submerged macrophytes in the lake[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 1998,7(1):42-47.
[8]
SAKURAI Y. Decrease in vegetation area, standing biomass and species diversity of aquatic macrophytes in Lake Kasumigaura (Nishiura) in recent years[J]. Japanese Journal of Limnology, 1990,51:45-48.
[9]
Kemp W M, Boynton W R, Adolf J E, et al. Eutrophication of Chesapeake Bay: historical trends and ecological interactions[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2005,303(21):1-29.
[10]
Sand-jensen K, Riis T, Vestergaard O, et al. Macrophyte decline in Danish lakes and streams over the past 100years[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2000,88(6):1030-1040.
[11]
KRNER S. Loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes in North-Eastern Germany[J]. International Review of Hydrobiology, 2002,87(4):375-384.
[12]
MOSS B. Engineering and biological approaches to the restoration from eutrophication of shallow lakes in which aquatic plant communities are important components[M]. Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management. Springer, 1990: 367-377.
[13]
Robinson K, Purintun B, LEE J, et al.The Variance of Oxygen Levels As It Relates to the Amount of Algae in Water Samples[J]. Journal of Introductory Biology Investigations, 2014,1(4):42-53.
[14]
LI W, LIAN G. Light demand for brood-bud germination of submerged plant[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 1995,8(suppl.): 25-29.
[15]
Kosten S, Jeppesen E, Huszar V L, et al. Ambiguous climate impacts on competition between submerged macrophytes and phytoplankton in shallow lakes[J]. Freshwater Biology, 2011, 56(8):1540-1553.
[16]
Loverde-Oliveira S M, Huszar V L M, Mazzeo N, et al. Hydrology-driven regime shifts in a shallow tropical lake[J]. Ecosystems, 2009,12(5):807-819.
[17]
Dushenko W, Bright D, Reimer K. Arsenic bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic macrophytes exposed to gold-mine effluent: relationships with environmental partitioning, metal uptake and nutrients[J]. Aquatic Botany, 1995,50(2):141-158.
DI BENEDETTO A, GARCIA A. Adaptation of ornamental aroids to their indoor light environments. I. Spectral and anatomical characteristics[J]. Journal of horticultural science, 1992,14(4):357-362.
[27]
NYITRAI P, SARVARI E, KERESZTES A,et al. Organization of thylakoid membranes in low-light grown maize seedlings. Effect of lincomycin treatment[J]. Journal of plant physiology, 1994, 144(3):370-375.
Dhindsa R, Plumb-dhindsa P, Thorpe T. Leaf senescence: correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase[J]. Journal of Experimental botany, 1981,32(1): 93-101.
[31]
Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: protective role of exogenous polyamines[J]. Plant Science, 2000,151(1):59-66.
[32]
Hojati M, Modarres-sanavy S A M, Karimi M, et al. Responses of growth and antioxidant systems in Carthamus tinctorius L. under water deficit stress[J]. Acta physiologiae plantarum, 2011,33(1): 105-112.
CHAMBERS P A. Light and nutrients in the control of aquatic plant community structure. II. In situ observations[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1987,621-628.
[35]
BEKLIOGLU M, MOSS B. Existence of a macrophyte-dominated clear water state over a very wide range of nutrient concentrations in a small shallow lake[J]. Hydrobiologia, 1996, 337(1-3):93-106.
