In order to illustrate nutrient removal and physiological response of aquatic macrophytes under different pollution loads, water lettuce and water hyacinth were selected to study on their water purification characteristics, physiological and biochemical response to tailrace of sewage. TN, TP and TK concentrations reduced from 11.97, 1.69, 8.10mg/L to 5.23, 1.10, 4.73mg/L when the sewage run through the purification pond cultured with water lettuce and water hyacinth alternately. With nutrient concentration decreasing in sewage, leaves turn yellow, chlorophyll a content in stems and leaves of water lettuce decreased significantly, while no significant changes on chlorophyll a content of water hyacinth were found. A significant negative correlation existed between NPK concentration in sewage and nitrate reductase, Na+-K+ATPase, H+-K+ATPase in roots of macrophytes. The enzyme activity of aquatic plants may be improved to meet with their efficient nutrition absorption when nutrient concentration is low in the environment. While AKP in water lettuce roots appeared positive correlation with NPK concentration in sewage. Compared with the beginning, Na+-K+ATPase and H+-K+ATPase of water hyacinth increased by 88.92% and 103.20%, respectively.
刘旻慧, 秦红杰, 张志勇, 张迎颖, 王岩, 闻学政, 刘海琴, 宋伟, 严少华. 不同污染负荷下浮水植物对水体营养盐的去除及生理响应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(11): 4304-4311.
LIU Hao-hui, QIN Hong-jie, ZHANG Zhi-yong, WANG Yan, WEN Xue-zheng, LIU Hai-qin, SONG Wei, YAN Shao-hua. Nutrient removal and physiological response of floating macrophytes in different pollution loading waters. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2017, 37(11): 4304-4311.
Salt D E, Smith R D, Raskin I. Phytoremediation[J]. Annual Reviews of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 1998, 49:643-668.
[4]
Batty L C, Dolan C. The potential use of phytoremediation for sites with mixed organic and inorganic contamination[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2013,3(3):217-259.
[5]
Qin H J, Zhang Z Y, Liu M H, et al. Site test of phytoremediation of an open pond contaminated with domestic sewage using water hyacinth and water lettuce[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2016,95:753-762.
[6]
Putra R S, Cahyana F, Novarita D. Removal of lead and copper from contaminated water using EAPR system and uptake by water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.)[J]. Procedia Chemistry, 2015, 14:381-386.
Zimmcls Y, Kirzhncr F, Mxlkovskxjx A. Application of Eichhonia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes for treatment of urban sewage in Israel[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006,81:420-428.
Verma V K, Gupta R K, Rai J P N. Biosorption of Pb and Zn from pulp and paper industry effluent by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)[J]. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2005,64(10):778-781.
[13]
魏复盛.水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2002,223-259.
[14]
Wintermans J F G M, DE Mots A. Spectropho-tometric characteristics of chlorophylls a and b and their pheophytins in ethanol[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1965,109(2):448-453.
A L.-Nozaily F, Alaerts G, Veenstra S. Performance of duckweed-coveredsewage lagoons-Ⅱ. Nitrogen and phosphorus balance and plant productivity[J]. Water Research, 2000,34(10):2734-2741.
[20]
Xie Y H, Yu D. The significance of lateral roots in phosphorus (P) acquisition of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)[J]. Aquatic Botany, 2003,75(4):311-321.
[21]
Kronzucker H J, Siddiqi M Y, Glass A D M. Conifer root discrimination against soil nitrate and the ecology of forest succession[J]. Nature, 1997,385:59-61.
[22]
Snooknah R. A review of the mechanisms of pollutant removal in water hyacinth systems[J]. Science and Technology, Research Journal of University of Mautitius, 2000,6:49-57.
[23]
Sivasankar S, Oaks A. Nitrate assimilation in higher plants:the effect of metabolites and light[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 1996,34:609-620.
Chen Q, Liu Y L. Effects of H2O2,.OH and their scavengers on the activities of H+ transport in the tonoplast vesicles isolated from barley leaves[J]. Acta Phytophysiol Sin, 1999,25(3):281-286.
Song K M, Jiao X Z, Li L, et al. The relationship between phosphate uptake and changes in plas-malemma H+-ATPase activities from the roots of tomato seedlings during phosphate starvation[J]. Acta Phytophysiologica Sinica, 2001,27(1):87-93.
