长三角地区VOCs排放特征及其对大气O<sub>3</sub>和SOA的潜在影响

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摘要以长三角地区(包括江苏省、安徽省、浙江省与上海市)为研究对象,对比分析了挥发性有机物(VOCs)人为源(AVOCs)和自然源(BVOCs)的排放总量、物种组成及其时空变化特征,评估了不同来源和种类的VOCs对臭氧(O₃)和二次有机气溶胶(SOA)的生成潜势(OFP和SOAFP).结果表明,长三角地区2017年VOCs的排放总量为618.1万t, AVOCs和BVOCs分别为385.6万t和232.5万t.该地区VOCs的主要物种为烷烃、芳香烃、异戊二烯、甲醇和萜烯,其占比分别为27.6%、20.2%、15.4%、8.7%和6.1%.时间变化上,AVOCs排放的季节变化较小,BVOCs的排放主要集中在5~9月,其中,7、8月的BVOCs排放量占全年排放总量的40.3%,显著高于同时段的AVOCs排放量.长三角地区VOCs的主要物种在5~9月为烯烃,其余月份则为烷烃和芳香烃.空间分布上,AVOCs排放高值区主要集中在上海、江苏中南部、浙江省北部、安徽省中部等经济较发达的地区;BVOCs排放高值区主要分布在浙江以及安徽南部等森林覆盖率较高的地区.长三角地区全年AVOCs和BVOCs对OFP贡献率分别为48.6%和51.4%,对SOAFP的贡献率分别为46.3%和53.7%.上海和江苏以AVOCs贡献为主,而浙江和安徽以BVOCs贡献为主.尽管长三角地区AVOCs的排放总量大于BVOCs,但在每年夏季及前后,BVOCs对O₃和SOA均具有重要影响,特别是在浙江和安徽南部地区,自然源的贡献甚至具有主导地位.因此,在有关O₃和PM_2.5的管控策略中,应进一步关注自然源排放特征及其可能的影响.

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关键词 ：挥发性有机物, 排放清单, AVOCs, BVOCs, OFP, SOAFP

Abstract：Focusing on the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region (including Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang provinces, and Shanghai municipality), differences in the total emission amount, species composition, and spatiotemporal distributions between anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) and biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) were analyzed. The contributions of the VOCs from different sources to ozone (O₃) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generation potentials (i.e., OFP and SOAFP) were evaluated. The results showed that the total emission of VOCs in the YRD in 2017 was 6.18×10⁶t, where the AVOCs and BVOCs were 3.86×10⁶t and 2.32×10⁶t, respectively. The main components of VOCs in the YRD were alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, isoprene, methanol, and terpenes, accounting for 27.6%, 20.2%, 15.4%, 8.7%, and 6.1%, respectively. In terms of seasonal variations, AVOCs emission was relatively stable, while BVOCs emission showed significant seasonal variation in which the majority amount of BVOCs was emitted from May to September. In particular, the emission amount of BVOCs in July and August accounted for 40.3% of the total annual emission, significantly higher than that of the AVOCs in the same period. Alkene was the main VOCs specie in the period of May to September, while alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons were the main VOCs species in other months. Spatially, high AVOCs emissions were generally found in economically developed regions such as Shanghai, south-central Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, and central Anhui. In contrast, high BVOCs emissions were usually found in dense forest areas which were mainly distributed in Zhejiang and southern Anhui. The annual percentages of the contributions of AVOCs and BVOCs to the total OFP were 48.6% and 51.4%, respectively, and that to the total SOAFP were 46.3% and 53.7%, respectively. Shanghai and Jiangsu were dominated by AVOCs, while Zhejiang and Anhui were dominated by BVOCs. Although BVOCs emission in total in the YRD was less than AVOCs emission, it could have significant impacts on O₃ and SOA in the summer time, especially in Zhejiang and southern Anhui, where the contribution of BVOCs could be dominant. More attention should be given to the emission characteristics and potential impact of the BVOCs in relevant policy-makings toward pollution control of O₃ and fine particulates.

Key words： volatile organic compounds emission inventory AVOCs BVOCs OFP SOAFP

收稿日期: 2022-11-21

PACS:

X511

基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(021114380199);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0208504)

通讯作者: 王勤耕,教授,wangqg@nju.edu.cn E-mail: wangqg@nju.edu.cn

作者简介: 张明明(1996-),男,江苏淮安人,南京大学硕士研究生,主要从事源清单和大气污染特征方面的研究.mg20250036@smail.nju.edu.cn

引用本文:

张明明, 邵旻, 陈培林, 顾晨, 王勤耕. 长三角地区VOCs排放特征及其对大气O₃和SOA的潜在影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(6): 2694-2702. ZHANG Ming-ming, SHAO Min, CHEN Pei-lin, GU Chen, WANG Qin-geng. Characteristics of anthropogenic and biogenic VOCs emissions and their potential impacts on O₃ and SOA in the Yangtze River Delta region. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(6): 2694-2702.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I6/2694

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