Pollution characteristics of soil heavy metals with the irrigation of treated mine water
ZHANG Li-xing1,2, ZHOU Rui-ping2, HAI Chun-xing2, YUE Da-peng1
1. School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China; 2. College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Abstract：In order to investigate the influences of treated mine-water irrigation on the spatial distribution and possible pollution of soil heavy metal, a top-down "terrace style" irrigation experiment was conducted on a long and gentle slope in the field and a set of key heavy metal element (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analyzed and compared for irrigated and unirrigated slope. The analysis was after a three-year controlled experiment, in which the treatment group slope was irrigated with treated mine-water whereas the control group slope not irrigated. Soil pollution introduced by heavy metal accumulation was assessed using the geo-accumulation index method. The results showed that soil heavy metal content on both sites were lower than the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land. The means of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the irrigated slope were lager than the corresponding background values of Inner Mongolia, and were significantly higher than those in the unirrigated slope (P< 0.05). On both sites, the difference in heavy metal contents was not significant between surface and deep soils. However, it was that Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn had a significant accumulation effect in the upper and middle sections of the irrigated slope compared with corresponding sections of the unirrigated slope. In the lower sections of both sites, the difference in heavy metal contents was miner. A further geo-accumulation index assessment on heavy metal pollution of surface soil (0~20cm) of both sites revealed that the levels of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the upper and middle sections of irrigated slope reached the threshold value for slightly polluted conditions. Slight as pollution appeared in some of the samples from unirrigated slope whereas all other heavy metal elements from this site were within the safety values. It is concluded that treated mine-water irrigation resulted in accumulation of heavy metals in the upper and middle sections of irrigated slopes which was a significant environmental risk. The current study provides useful scientific data for recycling of mine water and sustainable use of water resources.
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