贡嘎冰川水环境中全氟及多氟化合物的污染特征及排放通量

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摘要为掌握贡嘎冰川水环境中全氟及多氟烷基化合物（PFASs）的赋存特征，本文采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪（UPLC-MS/MS）分析了贡嘎山海螺沟地区不同水样中21种PFASs的浓度水平.结果显示，11种PFASs有所检出，Σ₂₁PFASs的浓度范围为7.09~106ng/L，平均值为30.2ng/L，主要PFASs为全氟丁酸（PFBA， 131ng/L）、全氟辛酸（PFOA， 37.2ng/L）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS， 17.1ng/L）.本研究中Σ₂₁PFASs浓度最高点位于海拔2735m的草海子地区，为106ng/L.贡嘎海螺沟地区无直接排放源，但在降雨中检测出较高浓度的PFASs，表明海螺沟水环境中PFASs来源于大气的干湿沉降.海螺沟地区PFASs的年排放通量为0.2197t/a，其中排放通量最高的是PFOA （0.0762t/a），占总排放量的34.71%，然后依次为PFHpA （0.0317t/a）和PFBA （0.0285t/a），分别占总排放量的14.43%和12.96%.未来应对贡嘎海螺沟地区加强PFASs的监测，更加准确掌握海螺沟冰川融水排放的PFASs通量，为科学管控PFASs提供数据支撑.

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关键词 ：全氟及多氟烷基化合物, 冰川, 污染特征, 排放通量

Abstract：Twenty one per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water samples collected from Hailuogou area of Gongga Mountain were analyzed by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to study the occurrence characteristics of PFASs in Gongga Glacier. The results showed that 11 PFASs were detected, with concentrations of 7.09~106ng/L(average 30.2ng/L). The main PFASs were perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA, 131ng/L), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, 37.2ng/L) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 17.1ng/L). The highest concentration occurred at Caohaizi area with an altitude of 2735m, with the total concentration of 106ng/L. There is no direct emission source here, and high concentrations of PFASs in rainfall indicate the sources from the dry and wet deposition of the atmosphere. The annual emission flux of PFASs in Hailuogou was 0.2197t/a, and PFOA displayed the highest emission flux (0.0762t/a), accounting for 34.71% of the total emission flux, followed by PFHpA (0.0317t/a) and PFBA (0.0285t/a) accounting for 14.43% and 12.96%, respectively. More attention should be paid to monitor PFASs in Hailuogou area to provide data for scientific management and control on PFASs.

Key words： per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances glacier pollution characteristics emission flux

收稿日期: 2023-03-27

PACS:

X832

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（21607018）；四川省科技计划项目（2021YJ0384）；成都信息工程大学科技创新能力提升计划项目（KYQN202214）

通讯作者: 方淑红,副教授,fsh@cuit.edu.cn E-mail: fsh@cuit.edu.cn

作者简介: 黄语(1999-),女,云南昆明人,成都信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要从事新污染物在环境中的迁移及归趋研究.1361816799@qq.com.

引用本文:

黄语, 陈朝辉, 李钰涛, 张辉, 刘伟, 方淑红. 贡嘎冰川水环境中全氟及多氟化合物的污染特征及排放通量[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(10): 5444-5452. HUANG Yu, CHEN Zhao-hui, LI Yu-tao, ZHANG Hui, LIU Wei, FANG Shu-hong. Pollution characteristics and emission flux of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Gongga Glacier. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(10): 5444-5452.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I10/5444

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