内蒙古河套灌区农田非点源氮磷污染负荷估算

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摘要为了解内蒙古河套灌区农田非点源污染现状,引入降雨影响因子(α)和地形影响因子(β)对传统的输出系数模型(ECM)进行改进,量化该地区的农田非点源氮、磷污染负荷,结合污染物入河系数(γ),对农田非点源氮磷入河(乌梁素海)量进行估算,并识别污染物关键源区.结果表明,河套灌区2021年农田非点源总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)污染负荷为3520.998和407.125t,分别占不同土地利用类型污染负荷总量的79.674%和89.201%;农田非点源TN、TP污染负荷空间分布一致,表现为靠近水体、排干的乡镇贡献量最高,依次为新华镇、新安镇和塔尔湖镇,TN、TP污染负荷分别为316.658, 236.725, 199.344t/a和36.615, 27.371, 23.050t/a;农田非点源TN、TP入河量为387.310t/a和16.285t/a,其中新华镇、新安镇、塔尔湖镇、隆兴昌镇、团结镇和蛮会镇是河套灌区的农田非点源污染重点防治乡镇;与实测值进行比较,验证了改进的输出系数模型的合理性,相对误差分别为-4.743%和19.037%.

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关键词 ：河套灌区, 农田非点源污染, 改进的输出系数模型, TN, TP

Abstract：To understand the current situation of farmland non-point source pollution in the Hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia, the traditional export coefficient model (ECM) was improved, and the farmland non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load was quantified by precipitation impact factor (α) and terrain impact factor (β) in the area. The farmland non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus discharged into the river (Wuliangsuhai) was estimated, and the critical source areas of pollution was identified by the pollution river influx coefficient (γ). The total export load of non-point source total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from farmland were 3520.998 and 407.125t in the Hetao irrigation district in 2021, accounting for 79.674% and 89.201% of the total pollution load from different land use types, respectively. The spatial distribution of the export loads for TN and TP of farmland non-point sources was consistent, and the contribution in towns near drainage was the highest. The export loads of TN and TP pollution were 316.658, 236.725, 199.344t/a and 36.615, 27.371, 23.050t/a in Xinhua, Xin'an and Talhu township, respectively. The amount of TN and TP discharged into the river were 387.310 and 16.285t/a from non-point sources of farmland. The towns of Xinhua, Xin'an, Talhu, Longxingchang, Tuanjie and Manhui were key areas for pollution prevention and control in the Hetao irrigation district. The rationality of the improved export coefficient model with relative errors of -4.743% and 19.037% had been verified by comparing with measured values.

Key words： Hetao irrigation district farmland non-point source pollution improved export coefficient model TN TP

收稿日期: 2023-04-24

PACS:

X502

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42175038);内蒙古自治区杰出青年基金资助项目(2022JQ02);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划项目(NJYT23041);2022年蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2022YFHH0035);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2022JBTD009);内蒙古师范大学高层次人才科研启动项目(2020YJRC056)

通讯作者: 焦燕,教授,jiaoyan@imnu.edu E-mail: jiaoyan@imnu.edu

作者简介: 王艳(1996-),女,河南周口人,内蒙古师范大学硕士研究生,主要从事农业非点源污染研究.发表文章1篇.2469736853@qq.com.

引用本文:

王艳, 焦燕, 杨文柱, 闫颖超, 邬宏, 灵灵, 史月超. 内蒙古河套灌区农田非点源氮磷污染负荷估算[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(12): 6551-6560. WANG Yan, JIAO Yan, YANG Wen-zhu, YAN Ying-chao, WU Hong, LING Ling, SHI Yue-chao. Estimation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loads from non-point sources in farmland of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(12): 6551-6560.

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