基于ERA和MCR模型的生态安全格局构建——以陕西沿黄地区为例

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摘要本研究通过构建多风险源指标体系进行陕西沿黄地区生态风险等级评价，利用土地利用数据，探讨研究区近20a的景观结构变化特征；采用“源地—阻力面—廊道”范式构建研究区生态安全格局，确定生态节点和生态断裂点，提出区域生态保护优化建议.结果表明：（1）研究区内，生态风险空间分布特征存在显著差异，低值区主要分布在北部和南部，高值区主要分布在中部；（2）研究区近20a生态核心区面积明显增多，但仍然较为破碎，支线占比减少，连通度较低；（3）现有22个重要生态源地，总面积4655.73km²，共提取53条重要生态廊道，整体构成“一带三区多廊”的生态安全格局；识别出43个生态节点和98个生态断裂点.其中研究区北部生态廊道和生态节点较为密集.（4）研究区生态网络闭合度低，南北连通性差.未来需要结合区域生态风险等级，通过规划踏脚石斑块、修复生态断裂点、提升9条潜在廊道等方式优化生态安全格局.本研究可为陕西沿黄地区自然生态系统和生物多样性的保护提供科学依据，助力黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展.

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	刘瑞宽
	杨林朋
	李同昇
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	李炬霖

关键词 ：生态风险评价, MSPA模型, MCR模型, 生态安全格局, 陕西沿黄地区

Abstract：Regional ecological risk assessment and optimization of ecological security patterns are important measures to achieve biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. This study evaluated the ecological risk level along the Yellow River in Shaanxi by establishing a multi-source risk index system and investigating the landscape structural changes in the past two decades. Meanwhile, the ecological security pattern of the study area was constructed by adopting the paradigm of "source-resistance-corridor" and identifying ecological nodes and ecological breakpoints. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the spatial distribution of ecological risks within the study area, with low-value areas mainly present in the north and south while high-value areas primarily in the middle region. And over the past 20 years, the ecological core area has increased significantly in size but remains fragmented, with a decreasing proportion of feeder routes and a low connectivity. Then, there are 22 important ecological sources covering a total area of 4655.73km², and a total of 53 important ecological corridors have been extracted to form an overall ecological security pattern characterized by "one belt, three zones and multiple corridors". Additionally, 43ecological nodes and 98ecological fracture points have been identified, having denser ecological corridors and nodes in the northern part of the study area. Finally, low ecological network closure and poor north-south connectivity in the study area. In the future, ecological security pattern needs to be optimized by planning stepping-stone, restoring ecological breakpoints and upgrading nine potential corridors in line with regional ecological risk level. We believe that this study can provide scientific basis for the conservation of natural ecosystems and biodiversity along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province, and contribute to the ecological conservation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words： ecological risk assessment (ERA) MSPA model MCR model ecological security pattern along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province

收稿日期: 2023-06-05

PACS:

X32

基金资助:陕西省国土空间规划研究专项课题（ZX2020-04-56）；陕西省情研究院专项课题（SXSQ2022-03）；陕西省软科学研究计划项目（2022KRM044）

通讯作者: 李同昇,教授,leetang@nwu.edu.cn E-mail: leetang@nwu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘瑞宽(1996-),女,河南浚县人,西北大学博士研究生,主要从事城市地理与区域发展研究.发表论文4篇.liuruikuan1996@163.com.

引用本文:

刘瑞宽, 杨林朋, 李同昇, 朱炳臣, 李炬霖. 基于ERA和MCR模型的生态安全格局构建——以陕西沿黄地区为例[J]. 中国环境科学, 2024, 44(2): 1053-1063. LIU Rui-kuan, YANG Lin-peng, LI Tong-sheng, ZHU Bing-chen, LI Ju-lin. Establishment of ecological security pattern along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province based on ERA and MCR models. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2024, 44(2): 1053-1063.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I2/1053

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