交汇区的交汇角和汇流比对微塑料运移的影响

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摘要本文建立了适用于交汇区的三维水动力-微塑料运动耦合模型,基于CFD-DEM耦合方法模拟,探究了不同交汇角、不同汇流比条件下微塑料的水动力输运机制与赋存特性.结果表明:干支流交汇区中的低流速区(分离区、停滞区、分离区下游)将发展为微塑料的富集区域;微塑料主要受位于流动分离区中漩涡的影响,从主流右岸进入漩涡区,逐渐形成椭圆形富集带;流动分离区中心微塑料丰度与交汇角呈线性正相关关系;流动分离区中心微塑料丰度与干支流汇流比呈线性负相关关系,R²=0.9007.研究结果将丰富干支流交汇区微塑料运动的基础理论,为精确化防治微塑料污染提供理论依据.

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	曹力玮
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关键词 ：微塑料, 交汇区, CFD-DEM, 交汇角, 汇流比, 富集区域

Abstract：Microplastics exhibited unique properties and possessed a wide distribution across various environments. The confluence served as a key point for the contamination of microplastics. At present, there was a lack of effective methods to reveal the motion characteristics and accumulation areas of microplastics at the confluence. The motion and fate of microplastics should be accurately captured at the confluence. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic-microplastic transport model for microplastics was established at the confluence. The transport mechanism and fate of microplastics were investigated under varying junction angles and flow ratios through the coupled CFD-DEM method. The results showed that (1) The low velocity zones, including the flow separation, flow stagnation, and downstream of the flow separation, would evolve into regions of microplastic accumulation. (2) Microplastics were primarily influenced by the vortex located in the flow separation, entering the vortex zone from the right bank of the mainstream and gradually forming an elliptical enrichment region. (3) The concentrations of microplastics in the center of the flow separation were positively correlated with the junction angles. (4) There was a linear negative correlation between the concentrations of microplastics and the flow ratios in the center of the flow separation, R²=0.9007. The number of microplastics in the flow separation exhibited a significant negative correlation with the flow ratio at the confluence. The findings of the study would advance the fundamental understanding of microplastic motion in confluences and establish a theoretical framework for precise prevention and control strategies against microplastic pollution.

Key words： microplastics confluence CFD-DEM junction angles flow ratios enrichment region

收稿日期: 2024-06-19

PACS:

X522

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52109101);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023T160532);陕西省科技计划项目-重点研发计划项目(2022SF-443)

通讯作者: 谌昱含,副教授,shenxia@nwafu.edu.cn E-mail: shenxia@nwafu.edu.cn

作者简介: 曹力玮(2000-),男,甘肃定西人,西北农林科技大学硕士研究生,研究方向为生态与环境水力学.发表论文1篇.caolw666@nwafu.edu.cn.

引用本文:

曹力玮, 谌昱含, 高玮峥, 李德鸿, 李小龙, 李昇. 交汇区的交汇角和汇流比对微塑料运移的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(1): 265-277. CAO Li-wei, SHEN Yu-han, GAO Wei-zheng, LI De-hong, LI Xiao-long, LI Sheng. Simulation of the impacts of varying junction angles and flow ratios on microplastic transport in confluences. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(1): 265-277.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I1/265

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