土壤中金属元素生态安全阈值预测模型的构建

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摘要通过文献收集了31种中国土壤中8个元素对5个物种和3个微生物过程的616个毒理学数据,尝试构建土壤中数据有限元素毒性预测的新模型—定量离子特征活性关系(s-QICAR)模型.首先基于土壤性质归一化方法获得酸性、中性、碱性3种土壤情景下8个元素对5个物种和3个微生物的毒性值(logEC₁₀;1.42~3.35),在此基础上分析了元素23个结构特征参数与对应生物毒性值的关系,并利用元素共价半径(CR)建立了24个s-QICAR模型(R²=0.70~0.98; P=0.001~0.023).进一步利用s-QICAR预测了V、As、Se和Sn对8个物种的logEC₁₀(1.44~3.20),结合物种敏感性分布曲线计算了3种情景下这4种元素保护95%生物的HC₅值.经过校正,4种元素在酸性、中性、碱性土壤情景下的预测无效应浓度分别为V:13,16,17mg/kg;As:10,13, 15mg/kg;Se:4.9,7.2,8.4mg/kg;Sn:42,44,45mg/kg,进而绘制了这4种元素的生态风险阈值地图.本研究建立了一种适用于中国土壤元素生态风险的新方法,为土壤环境风险评估和管理提供科学依据.

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	史婉阳
	王学东
	卞建林
	李梦佳
	马义兵

关键词 ：金属元素, 定量离子特征活性关系模型, 土壤生物, 生态风险

Abstract：This study collected 616 toxicological data of 8 elements on 5 species and 3 microbial processes in 31 Chinese soils through literature collection, attempting to construct a new model for predicting the toxicity of limited elements in soil data—the Quantitative ion characteristic activity relationship (s-QICAR) model. Firstly, based on the normalization method of soil properties, the toxicity values (logEC₁₀; 1.42~3.35) of 8 elements to 5 species and 3 microbial processes were obtained under three soil scenarios of acidic, neutral, and alkaline. On this basis, the relationship between the 23 structural characteristic parameters of elements and their corresponding biological toxicity values was analyzed, and 24s-QICAR models (R²=0.70~0.98; P=0.001~0.023) were established using the covalent radius (CR) of elements. Furthermore, s-QICAR was used to predict the logEC₁₀ (1.44~3.20) of V, As, Se, and Sn for 8species. Combined with the species sensitivity distribution curve, the HC₅values of these four elements protecting 95% of organisms under three scenarios were calculated. After correction, the predicted no-effect concentrations of the four elements in acidic, neutral, and alkaline soil scenarios were V:13,16,17mg/kg; As:10,13,15mg/kg;Se:4.9,7.2,8.4mg/kg;Sn:42,44,45mg/kg, and the ecological risk threshold map for these 4elements was drawn. This study establishes a new method applicable to the ecological risk of soil elements in China, providing scientific basis for soil environmental risk assessment and management.

Key words： metal elements quantitative ion character-activity relationships model soil organisms ecological risk

收稿日期: 2024-06-06

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42477433)

通讯作者: 王学东,教授,xdwang@cnu.edu.cn E-mail: xdwang@cnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 史婉阳(2000-),女,河北唐山人,硕士研究生,环境工程专业,主要从事土壤金属元素毒理学研究.2217980696@qq.com.

引用本文:

史婉阳, 王学东, 卞建林, 李梦佳, 马义兵. 土壤中金属元素生态安全阈值预测模型的构建[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(1): 253-264. SHI Wan-yang, WANG Xue-dong, BIAN Jian-lin, LI Meng-jia, MA Yi-bing. Construction of ecological safety threshold prediction model for metal elements in soils. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(1): 253-264.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I1/253

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