C/N对SBR生物脱氮硝化过程微生物结构的动态影响

宁高阳; 牛永健; 李维维; 杨浩; 孙洪伟

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中国环境科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5) : 2053-2061.

水污染与控制

C/N对SBR生物脱氮硝化过程微生物结构的动态影响

宁高阳^1,2, 牛永健³, 李维维³, 杨浩¹, 孙洪伟^1,2

作者信息 +

Dynamic effect of C/N on microbial structure in SBR's biological nitrification process

NING Gao-yang^1,2, NIU Yong-jian³, LI Wei-wei³, YANG Hao¹, SUN Hong-wei^1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

为揭示碳氮比（C/N）对硝化过程影响的机理本质，试验以人工模拟废水为研究对象，采用4组平行的SBR（R₀、R₅、R₁₀、R₁₅）反应器，基于16S rRNA基因-Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术，考察了4种C/N（0、5、10、15）对硝化过程功能微生物组成和结构特征的影响.结果表明：4种C/N条件下，系统均获得了较好的去除氨氮（去除率>95%）和COD（去除率>90%）效果，TN也有不同程度的降低.此外，C/N会显著影响系统内微生物的多样性、种群结构和功能.R₀系统Chao1指数（922）、ACE指数（1232.4）、Shannon指数（6.76）和Simpson指数（0.96）均最大，故微生物多样性最丰富，而R₅的物种丰富度最低.在微生物门水平上，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、蓝细菌门（Cyanobacteria）等9个相对丰度较高的门是重要的微生物门，其中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）约全部微生物的40.7%~65.2%，是4个系统中最优势的菌门.硝化过程的关键菌群亚硝化单胞菌科（Nitrosomonadaceae）及硝化螺旋菌属（Nitrospira）的相对丰度表现出随着C/N升高而急剧降低的趋势.基于LEfSe分析共获得了34组具有显著差异的微生物，从而得到了每种C/N条件下在微生物学分类水平上的菌群关键生物标记物.

Abstract

Based on 16S rRNA genes-Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, this study is to investigate the community and structure of characteristic microbial communities related to nitrification under four C/N ratios (0、5、10、15) settled in four parallel laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs, denoted as R₀、R₅、R₁₀、R₁₅) to better understand the biological mechanisms of how does C/N ratio influence the nitrification. Results indicated that effective removal of ammonia nitrogen (removal efficiency > 95%) and COD (removal efficiency > 90%) were achieved in four C/Ns, and TN has also been reduced to varying degrees. In addition, C/N ratio has an important impact on the diversity, community and function of the bacterial communities. The largest α-diversity values of Chao1 (922), ACE (1232.4), Shannon (6.76) and Simpson (0.96) were achieved in R₀, which represents with highest richness and diversity of bacterial community, while the lowest was achieved in R₅. 9 phyla such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and so on were found to be major groups with higher relative abundance at the phylum. The most dominant bacterial is affiliated with Proteobacteria comprised 40.7%~65.2% in the four sludge samples. The relative abundance of key microorganisms as Nitrosomonadaceae and Nitrospira related to nitrification decreased sharply with increasing C/N. A total of 34 groups of microorganisms with significant differences were obtained based on LEfSe analysis, thereby key biomarkers of the microflora were obtained at the microbiological classification level under each C/N condition.

导出引用

宁高阳, 牛永健, 李维维, 杨浩, 孙洪伟. C/N对SBR生物脱氮硝化过程微生物结构的动态影响[J]. 中国环境科学. 2020, 40(5): 2053-2061

NING Gao-yang, NIU Yong-jian, LI Wei-wei, YANG Hao, SUN Hong-wei. Dynamic effect of C/N on microbial structure in SBR's biological nitrification process[J]. China Environmental Science. 2020, 40(5): 2053-2061

中图分类号： X703.5

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