浙江省丽水市空气质量的健康效应分析

韦正峥; 郭云; 吕梅乐; 黄炳昭; 蒋玉丹; 王建生

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中国环境科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8) : 3294-3302.

大气污染与控制

浙江省丽水市空气质量的健康效应分析

韦正峥¹, 郭云¹, 吕梅乐², 黄炳昭¹, 蒋玉丹¹, 王建生¹

作者信息 +

Effect of air quality alerts on human health in Lishui city, Zhejiang province

WEI Zheng-zheng¹, GUO Yun¹, Lü Mei-le², HUANG Bing-zhao¹, JIANG Yu-dan¹, WANG Jian-sheng¹

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文章历史 +

摘要

本研究利用2013~2018年丽水空气质量、健康及气象等官方数据，采用半参数广义可加模型分析了丽水市空气质量状况与人群健康效应之间的关系.结果表明：（1）大气污染物可导致人群心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的增加，PM_2.5和O₃对于男性的影响显著高于女性，NO₂和SO₂对于女性的影响显著高于男性，污染物对于65岁以上人口的影响更为明显；（2）O₃对于全人群超额死亡风险的贡献率高达40%~50%，远高于PM_2.5对健康造成的危害，O₃已经成为丽水市最为突出的空气污染物.但是男性和女性有明显差异，O₃对于男性的超额风险贡献率最大，NO₂对于女性的超额风险贡献率最大；（3）丽水市污染物浓度处于剂量-效应关系曲线的低浓度处，单位污染物浓度的变化导致超额死亡率变化较大，降低单位浓度污染物产生的健康效益也更为显著.

Abstract

In this study, the impacts of ambient air pollution on public health in the city of Lishui was investigated by the semi-parametric generalized additive model based on data sets on local air quality, health and weather conditions from 2013 to 2018. The results showed that air pollution caused significant damage to public health by increasing the mortality related to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. PM_2.5 and O₃ caused more health damages on male than female, while NO₂ and SO₂ affected female more. Health effects were more significant on the seniors over the age of 65. O₃ became the prominent air pollutants in Lishui city, which contributed 40% to 50% of the excess death risks and caused far more health damage compared to PM_2.5. In addition, differential effects were observed between male and female. O₃ contributed most excess risks on male, while NO₂ contributed more on female. Based on the dose-effect curve, the concentration of air pollutants in Lishui was relatively low, which meant every unit of pollutant concentration change could result in larger changes in excess mortality due to higher slope. Therefore, more significant health benefit could be achieved by reducing the air pollution concentration in Lishui city.

导出引用

韦正峥, 郭云, 吕梅乐, 黄炳昭, 蒋玉丹, 王建生. 浙江省丽水市空气质量的健康效应分析[J]. 中国环境科学. 2020, 40(8): 3294-3302

WEI Zheng-zheng, GUO Yun, Lü Mei-le, HUANG Bing-zhao, JIANG Yu-dan, WANG Jian-sheng. Effect of air quality alerts on human health in Lishui city, Zhejiang province[J]. China Environmental Science. 2020, 40(8): 3294-3302

中图分类号： X503.1

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