挂膜方法对生物膜特性及生化尾水深度处理的影响

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摘要为探索低浓度生化尾水生物深度处理的快速挂膜方法，采用4种方法（投加壳聚糖法、投加铁离子法、接种排泥法和自然挂膜法）进行挂膜，考察其对生物膜主要特性（生物膜量MLSS、胞外聚合物（EPS））和废水处理效果的影响.结果表明：在挂膜期间，投加壳聚糖法有利于生物膜量、EPS迅速增加，两者平均含量达到4种方法中的最大值，分别为（9.26 ±3.30） mg/cm³和（42.51 ±33.49） mg/（gSS），但其生物膜活性f值最低，污染物的去除效果不是最佳；投加铁离子成膜时，生物膜特性稳定，活性高，污染物去除效果最佳，COD_Cr、NH₄⁺-N、TP去除率分别较快稳定在（66.13 ±2.30）%、（92.03 ±7.72）%和（62.75 ±4.41）%；接种排泥法的生物膜量、EPS均含量、污染物去除效果比投加壳聚糖、铁离子法稍低；自然挂膜法前期对污染物去除率低，稳定时间较长，除TP外，COD_Cr、NH₄⁺-N去除率在挂膜后期与投加壳聚糖法、接种排泥法相差不大.综合地看，投加铁离子法，虽然生物膜量、EPS含量略低于投加壳聚糖法，但生物膜活性高、污染去除效果好，是低浓度尾水挂膜的最佳方法.

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	胡小兵
	陈红伟
	聂勇
	李晶晶
	顾娴静
	苏浚文
	胡江楠
	王振振

关键词 ：低浓度尾水, 挂膜, 胞外聚合物, 生物膜稳定性

Abstract：In order to explore the most suitable method of biofilm formation for the advanced biological treatment of low strength biochemical effluent. We compared four different biofilm formation methods including chitosan-addition method, iron-ion-addition method, activated-sludge-inoculation, and natural-biofilm-formation method to evaluate the biofilm characteristics, i.e. the mixed liquor suspended sludge (MLSS), and the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and thus the wastewater treatment performance. The results showed that, compared with the other methods, the chitosan-addition method favored the rapid increase of biofilm biomass and EPS during the biofilm formation period, with the maximum achieved contents respectively of (9.26 ±3.30) g/cm³and (42.51 ±33.49) mg/(gSS). However, the biofilm activity value f and pollutant removal efficiency were not satisfactory by using chitosan-addition method. Moreover, stable biofilm characteristics, high activity and excellent pollutant removal efficiency were achieved by using iron-ion-addition method. The removal rates of COD_Cr, NH₄⁺-N and TP were rapidly stabilized at (66.13 ±2.30)%, (92.03 ±7.72)% and (62.75 ±4.41)%, respectively. Furthermore, by using activated-sludge-inoculation method, the biofilm biomass, the average contents of EPS and pollutants removal efficiency were lower than with the chitosan-addition and iron-ion-addition methods. Finally, by using natural-biofilm-formation method the pollutant removal efficiency was at lower level in early stage, and to reach stability needs a long time. Except for TP, COD_Cr and NH₄⁺-N removal rates in the later stage of biofilm formation, there was no obvious difference between natural-biofilm-formation method, the chitosan-addition method and the activated-sludge-inoculation method. Overall, although with the iron-ion-addition method, the biofilm biomass and the EPS content were a little lower than those by using chitosan-addition method, it was the most appropriate method for advanced treatment of low strength biochemical effluent because of high biofilm activity and pollutant removal efficiency.

Key words： low strength biochemical effluent biofilm formation extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) biofilm stability

收稿日期: 2021-05-09

PACS:

X703

基金资助:生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心项目（BRT19-02）；安徽省重点研究与开发计划（202004h07020027）

通讯作者: 胡小兵,副教授,1061046269@qq.com E-mail: 1061046269@qq.com

作者简介: 胡小兵(1966-),男,安徽泾县人,副教授,博士,主要从事水处理生物学与污水生态处理研究.发表论文50余篇.

引用本文:

胡小兵, 陈红伟, 聂勇, 李晶晶, 顾娴静, 苏浚文, 胡江楠, 王振振. 挂膜方法对生物膜特性及生化尾水深度处理的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(12): 5710-5717. HU Xiao-bing, CHEN Hong-wei, NIE Yong, LI Jing-jing, GU Xian-jing, SU Jun-wen, HU Jiang-nan, WANG Zhen-zhen. Effect of various biofilm formation methods on biofilm characteristic and low strength biochemical effluent treatment. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(12): 5710-5717.

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