典型峨眉山玄武岩区土壤重金属含量特征及污染风险评价

韩伟; 徐仁廷; 王乔林

PDF(2737 KB)

中国环境科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12) : 6500-6508.

土壤污染与控制

典型峨眉山玄武岩区土壤重金属含量特征及污染风险评价

韩伟, 徐仁廷, 王乔林

作者信息 +

Characteristics of heavy metal content and pollution risk assessment in the soil of typical Emeishan Basalt Area

HAN Wei, XU Ren-ting, WANG Qiao-lin

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为探究峨眉山玄武岩对土壤重金属含量的影响程度,选择具有典型峨眉山玄武岩分布区的云南省昭通市为研究对象,结合地质背景资料,对区内7104份土壤样品中的8种重金属元素含量特征、污染风险及来源进行分析和评价.结果显示,峨眉山玄武岩区表层土壤中Cu和Cd元素明显富集,分别达到中国土壤背景值的7.20和6.63倍;对比我国农用地土壤污染风险管控标准,除Hg外,其余7种重金属元素均存在污染风险;从污染程度空间分布看,与地质背景耦合性较好的元素为Cu、Cd、As、Pb、Zn,污染程度较高的重金属元素为Cd和Cu;主成分分析结果表明,Cu主要来源于峨眉山玄武岩的地质背景,Cr和Ni为与峨眉山玄武岩共生的超基性岩风化成因,Cd、Pb、Zn高含量主要源于人类矿业开发、机动车尾气排放等,同时受地质背景影响;As和Hg除来源于地质背景、人类活动外,还受到土壤理化性质和有机质的影响.

Abstract

To investigate the extent of the influence of Emeishan basalt on soil heavy metal content, the study focused on Zhaotong in Yunnan Province, which is located in a typical distribution area of Emeishan basalt. By combining geological data, the characteristics, pollution risk, and sources of eight heavy metal elements in 7104 soil samples within the region were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the surface soil in the Emeishan basalt area is significantly enriched in Cu and Cd, reaching 7.20 and 6.63 times the background values of Chinese soil, respectively. Compared to the risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land, except for Hg, the other seven heavy metal elements posed a pollution risk. In terms of spatial distribution of pollution level, Cu, Cd, As, Pb, and Zn were closely associated with the natural source, with Cd and Cu being the highly contaminated heavy metal elements. PCA indicated that Cu mainly originated from the geological parent materials of Emeishan basalt, while Cr and Ni were associated with weathering of coexisting ultrabasic rocks with Emeishan basalt. Cd, Pb, and Zn at high concentrations primarily resulted from human mining activities and vehicle exhaust emissions, as well as being influenced by the geological background. As and Hg were influenced not only by parent material and human activities but also by soil physicochemical properties and organic matter.

导出引用

韩伟, 徐仁廷, 王乔林. 典型峨眉山玄武岩区土壤重金属含量特征及污染风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学. 2023, 43(12): 6500-6508

HAN Wei, XU Ren-ting, WANG Qiao-lin. Characteristics of heavy metal content and pollution risk assessment in the soil of typical Emeishan Basalt Area[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(12): 6500-6508

中图分类号： X53

参考文献

[1] Chung S L, Jahn B M. Plume－lithosphere interaction in generation of the Emeishan flood basalts at the Permian－Triassic boundary[J]. Geology, 1995,23(10):889-892.
[2] Courtillot V, Jaupart C, Manighetti I, et al. On causal links between flood basalts and continental breakup[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1999,166(3):177-195.
[3] He B, Xu Y G, Xiao L, et al. Sedimentary response to uplift of Emeishan mantle plume and its implications[J]. Geological Review, 2006,52(1):30-37.
[4] 李宏博,朱江.峨眉山玄武岩与茅口组灰岩的接触关系:对峨眉山地幔柱动力学模型的指示意义[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2013,37(4): 571-579. Li H B, Zhu J. Contact between the emeishan basalt and maokou Formation: Implication for the Geodynamic Model of the Emeishan Mantle Plume[J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2013,37(4):571-579.
[5] 李娟.云南昭通地区峨眉山玄武岩地球化学特征研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2016. Li J. Geochemical study on Permian Emeishan flood basalts in Zhaotong area, Yunnan Province, SW China[D]. Beijing: The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016.
[6] 余志,陈凤,张军方,等.锌冶炼区菜地土壤和蔬菜重金属污染状况及风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(5):2086-2094. Yu Z, Chen F, Zhang J F, et al. Contamination and risk of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from zinc smelting area[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(5):2086-2094.
[7] 文宇博.广西岩溶地质高背景地区土壤重金属的富集机制和生物有效性研究[D]. 南京:南京大学, 2020. Wen Y B. Enrichment mechanism and bioavailability of heavy metals in soils with high geochemical background in the Karst Region of Guangxi Province, China[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University, 2020.
[8] 王乔林,宋云涛,王成文,等.滇西地区土壤重金属来源解析及空间分布[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(8):3693-3703. Wang Q L, Song Y T, Wang C W, et al. Source identification and spatial distribution of soil heavy metals in Western Yunnan[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(8):3693-3703.
[9] 韩伟,王成文,彭敏,等.川南山区土壤与农作物重金属特征及成因[J]. 环境科学, 2021,42(5):2480-2489. Han W, Wang C W, Peng M, et al. Characteristics and origins of heavy metals in soil and crops in mountain area of southern Sichuan[J]. Environmental Science, 2021,42(5):2480-2489.
[10] 陈文轩,李茜,王珍圆,等.中国农田土壤重金属空间分布特征及污染评价[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(6):2822-2833. Chen W X, Li Q, Wang Y Z, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics and pollution evalution of heavy metals in arable land soil of China[J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(6):2822-2833.
[11] 刘意章,肖唐付,熊燕,等.西南高镉地质背景区农田土壤与农作物的重金属富集特征[J]. 环境科学, 2019,40(6):2877-2884. Liu Y Z, Xiao T F, Xiong Y, et al. Accumulation of heavy metal in agricultural soil and crops from an area with a high geochemical background of cadmium, southwestern China[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(6):2877-2884.
[12] 刘丽琼,魏世强,江韬.三峡库区消落带土壤重金属分布特征及潜在风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2011,31(7):1204-1211. Liu L Q, Wei S Q, Jiang T. Distribution of soil heavy metals from water-level-fluctuating zone in Three-Gorge Reservoir Area and their evaluation of potential ecological risk[J]. China Environmental Science, 2011,31(7):1204-1211.
[13] 唐启琳,刘秀明,刘方,等.贵州罗甸北部喀斯特地区耕地土壤镉含量特征与风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2019,40(10):4628-4636. Tang Q L, Liu X M, Liu F, et al. Cd accumulation and risk assessment for arable soils in the Karst Region of Northern Luodian, Guizhou[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(10):4628-4636.
[14] 赵东杰,王学求.滇黔桂岩溶区河漫滩土壤重金属含量、来源及潜在生态风险[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(4):1609-1619. Zhao D J, Wang X Q. Distribution, sources and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the floodplain soils of the karst area of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(4): 1609-1619.
[15] 马宏宏,彭敏,刘飞,等.广西典型碳酸盐岩区农田土壤-作物系统重金属生物有效性及迁移富集特征[J]. 环境科学, 2020,41(1): 449-459. Ma H H, Peng M, Liu F, et al. Bioavailability,translocation,and accumulation characteristic of heavy metals in a soil-crop system from a typical carbonate rock area in Guangxi, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2020,41(1):449-459.
[16] 张志远.云南省岩石地层[M]. 武汉:中国地质大学出版, 1996: 1-399. Zhang Z Y. Rock stratigraphy in Yunna Province[M]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1996:1-399.
[17] 肖高强,陈杰,白兵,等.云南典型地质高背景区土壤重金属含量特征及污染风险评价[J]. 地质与勘探, 2021,57(5):1077-1086. Xiao G Q, Chen J, Bai B, et al. Content characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in soil of typical high geological background areas, Yunnan Province[J]. Geology and Exploration, 2021,57(5):1077-1086.
[18] LY/T 1239-1999森林土壤pH值的测定[S]. LY/T 1239-1999 Determination of pH value in forest soil[S].
[19] DZ T 0258-2014多目标区域地球化学调查规范[S]. DZ T 0258-2014 Specification of multi-purpose regional geochemical survey[S].
[20] Sutherland R A. Bed sediment -associated trace metals in an Urban stream, Oahu, Hawaii[J]. Environmental Geology, 2000,39(6):611-627.
[21] Hakanson L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control-A sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 1980,14(8):975-1001.
[22] Muller G. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J]. Geo Journal, 1969,2(3):108-118.
[23] 李伟迪,崔云霞,曾撑撑,等.太滆运河流域农田土壤重金属污染特征与来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 2019,40(11):5073-5081. Li W D, Cui Y X, Zeng C C, et al. Pollution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in farmland soils in the Taige Canal Valley[J]. Environmental Science, 2019,40(11):5073-5081.
[24] 滕彦国,倪师军,庹先国,等.应用标准化方法评价攀枝花地区表层土壤的重金属污染[J]. 土壤学报, 2003,40(3):374-379. Teng Y G, Ni S J, Tuo X G, et al. Application of anormalization procedure in assessing heavy metal pollution topsoil, Panzhihua Region[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2003,40(3):374-379.
[25] 朱水,申泽良,王媛,等.垃圾处理园区周边土壤-地下水重金属分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(9):4320-4332. Zhu S, Shen Z L, Wang Y, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the soil-groundwater system around an integrated waste management facility[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021, 41(9):4320-4332.
[26] Hernandeza L, Probsta A, Probst J L, et al. Heavy metal distribution in some French forest soils: evidence for atmospheric contamination[J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2003,312:195-219.
[27] 卢新哲,谷安庆,张言午,等.基于环境地球化学基线的农用地重金属累积特征及其潜在生态危害风险研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2019,56(2): 408-419. Lu X Z, Gu A Q, Zhang Y W, et al. Sources and risk assessment of heavy metal in agricultural soils based on the environmental geochemical baselines[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2019,56(2):408-419.
[28] 朱晓东,韦朝阳,杨芬.包头-白云鄂博地区重金属基线值的厘定及其在重金属污染分级评价中的应用[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016,31(2): 310-320. Zhu X D, Wei C Y, Yang F. Determination of heavy metal baseline in Baotou and Bayan Obo and its application in the assessment of heavy metal contamination[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016,31(2): 310-320.
[29] Guillén M T, Delgado J, Albanese S, et al. Environmental geochemical mapping of Huelva municipality soils (SW Spain) as a tool to determine background and baseline values[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2011,109(1-3):59-69.
[30] 魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J]. 环境科学, 1991,12(4):12-19. Wei F S, Chen J S, Wu Y Y, et al. Study on the background contents on 61elements of soil in China[J]. Environmental Science, 1991,12(4):12-19.
[31] GB15618-2018土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)[S]. GB15618-2018 Soil environmental quality Risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land[S].
[32] 赵鑫娜,杨忠芳,余涛.矿区土壤重金属污染及修复技术研究进展[J]. 中国地质, 2023,50(1):84-101. Zhao X N, Yang Z F, Yu T. Review on heavy metal pollution and remediation technology in the soil of mining areas[J]. Geology in China, 50(1):84-101.
[33] 韩培培,谢俭,王剑,等.丹江口水库新增淹没区农田土壤重金属源解析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016,36(8):2437-2443. Han P P, Xie J, Wang J, et al. Source apportionment of heavy metals in farmland soil from new submerged area in Danjiangkou Reservoir[J]. China Environmental Science, 2016,36(8):2437-2443.
[34] 刘英俊,曹励明,李兆麟,等.元素地球化学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1984: 6-50. Liu Y J, Cao L M, Li Z L, et al. Element geochemistry[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1984:6-50.
[35] 路凤香,桑隆康,邬金华,等.岩石学[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2002:46-81. Lu F X, Sang L K, Wu J H, et al. Petrology[M]. Geology Press, Beijing, 2002:46-81.
[36] 陈同斌,刘更另.土壤中砷的吸附和砷对水稻的毒害效应与pH值的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 1993,26(1):63-68. Chen T B, Liu G L. Effects of soil pH on arsenic adsorption in soil and its toxicity to rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinca, 1993,26(1):63-68.
[37] 周艳,陈樯,邓绍坡,等.西南某铅锌矿区农田土壤重金属空间主成分分析及生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(6):2884-2892. Zhou Y, Chen Q, Deng S P, et al. Principal component analysis and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils around a Pb-Zn mine in Southwestern China[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(6):2884-2892.
[38] 王洪涛,张俊华,丁少峰,等.开封城市河流表层沉积物重金属分布、污染来源及风险评估[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016,36(12):4520-4530. Wang H T, Zhang J H, Ding S F, et al. Distribution characteristics, sources identification and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of urban rivers in Kaifeng[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016,36(12):4520-4530.
[39] 余涛,杨忠芳,王锐,等.恩施典型富硒区土壤硒与其他元素组合特征及来源分析[J]. 土壤, 2018,50(6):1119-1125. Yu T, Yang Z F, Wang R, et al. Characteristics and Sources of Soil Selenium and Other Elements in Typical High Selenium Soil Area of Enshi[J]. Soils, 2018,50(6):1119-1125.
[40] 张孟孟,戴九兰,王仁卿.溶解性有机质对土壤中汞吸附迁移及生物有效性影响的研究进展[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2011,33(5):95-99. Zhang M M, Dai J L, Wang R Q. Research progress of the effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on adsorption, migration and bioavailability of Hg in soil[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2011,33(5):95-99.
[41] Sheng J J, Wang X P, Gong P, et al. Heavy metals of the Tibetan top soils[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2012,19(8): 3362-3370.