生态环境质量监测事权改革的政策效应研究——以环境空气质量监测为例

熊雪锋; 原志听; 昌敦虎; 董战峰

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中国环境科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12) : 6740-6754.

环境影响评价与管理

生态环境质量监测事权改革的政策效应研究——以环境空气质量监测为例

熊雪锋¹, 原志听², 昌敦虎³, 董战峰⁴

作者信息 +

Assessing policy effects of the ecological environment quality monitoring authority reform: A case study on ambient air quality monitoring

XIONG Xue-Feng¹, YUAN Zhi-Ting², CHANG Dun-Hu³, Dong Zhan-Feng⁴

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文章历史 +

摘要

基于中国2007-2016年278个地级市面板数据,将《环境空气质量标准(2012)》作为外生冲击,运用多时点DID评估方法,考察了生态环境质量监测事权改革对空气污染减排的影响效应、传导机制和异质性.结果表明:(1)基准回归表明,生态环境质量监测事权改革会显著降低SO₂排放量和PM_2.5浓度,且减排效应与国控监测站点密度正相关,这一结论在进行安慰剂检验、排除其他政策干扰等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;(2)传导机制分析发现,地方政府环境规制强度和工业企业绿色创新是生态环境质量监测事权改革抑制空气污染物排放的两个重要传导渠道,限制工业企业数量和增加公共交通投放有效抑制了空气污染物排放;(3)异质性分析显示,生态环境质量监测事权改革的空气污染减排效应在初始排放量越大的城市和财政分权程度越高的城市越明显,而财政压力对其减排效应有削减作用.

Abstract

Based on the panel data of 278 prefecture cities in China from 2007 to 2016, this study levages arguably exogenous variation in the Ambient Air Quality Standard Reform in 2012 and employs a multi-time point DID model to identify the impact, transmission mechanism, and heterogeneity of environmental quality monitoring authority on air pollution. We find that the reform significantly reduces SO₂ emissions and PM_2.5 concentration. The emission reduction effect is positively correlated with the density of state-controlled monitoring sites. Importantly, the result remains consistent after a series of robustness tests, including placebo tests and the exclusion of other external policy impacts. Moreover, mechanism analysis uncovers two channels, namely the stringency of local government environmental regulations and green innovation of industrial enterprises, through which the reform curbs air pollution. Strategies such as limiting the number of industrial enterprises and increasing public transportation investment have proven effective in suppressing air pollutant emissions. Lastly, heterogeneity analysis shows that the air pollution reduction effect is more significant in cities with larger initial emissions and higher fiscal decentralization levels, although such effect is smaller in cities with higher fiscal pressure.

导出引用

熊雪锋, 原志听, 昌敦虎, 董战峰. 生态环境质量监测事权改革的政策效应研究——以环境空气质量监测为例[J]. 中国环境科学. 2023, 43(12): 6740-6754

XIONG Xue-Feng, YUAN Zhi-Ting, CHANG Dun-Hu, Dong Zhan-Feng. Assessing policy effects of the ecological environment quality monitoring authority reform: A case study on ambient air quality monitoring[J]. China Environmental Science. 2023, 43(12): 6740-6754

中图分类号： X321/324 F062.2

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