1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2. Design Institute of Beijing Sound Environmental Engineering Co. Ltd, Beijing 101102, China; 3. Engineering consulting and supervision of China Railway First Survey & Design Institute Group Co. Ltd, Xi'an 710000, China; 4. Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center. MEP, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract:In this paper,the long-term effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating synthetic wastewater was investigated under four C/N ratio conditions (0,5,10,15).The results showed that the C/N ratio had a significant impact on EPS and its composition.With the increase of C/N ratio (0→5→10→15),EPS and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) content increased,while,loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) decreased slowly.TB-EPS was dominant in EPS (the percentage of TB-EPS/EPS was 77.4~93.6%).Moreover,protein (PN),Carbohydrate (PS) and DNA in EPS and TB-EPS increased with the C/N ratio increasing.PN,PS and DNA in LB-EPS decreased as the C/N ratio increased.Moreover,capillary suction times (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) increased when the C/N ratio increased,and caused deterioration in sludge dewaterability.
Sheng G P, Yu H Q, Li X Y. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment system:a review[J]. Biotechnology Advances, 2010,28(6):882-894.
[2]
Zhang X, Bishop P L, Kupferle M J. Measurement of polysaccharides and proteins in biofilm extracellular polymers[J]. Water Science & Technology, 2015,37(4/5):345-348.
[3]
Liu Y Q, Liu Y, Tay J H. The effects of extracellular polymeric substances on the formation and stability of biogranules[J]. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2004,65(2):143-148.
[4]
Poxon T L, Darby J L. Extracellular polyanions in digested sludge:measurement and relationship to sludge dewaterability[J]. Water Research, 1997,31(4):749-758.
[5]
Ye F X, Ye Y F, Li Y. Effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of activated sludge flocs[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 188(1-3):37-43.
[6]
Wang Z, Gao M, Xin Y, et al. Effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge from an anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor treating saline wastewater[J]. Environmental Technology, 2014,35(24):2821-2828.
[7]
Miqueleto A P, Dolosic C C, Pozzi E, et al. Influence of carbon sources and C/N ratio on EPS production in anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010,101(4):1324-1330.
Magara Y, Numbu S, Utosawa K. Biochemical and physical properties of an activated sludge on settling Characteristics[J]. Water Research, 1986,10(1):71-77.
[11]
Ye F X, Peng G, Li Y. Influences of influent carbon source on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of activated sludge[J]. Chemosphere, 2011,84(9):1250-1255.
Mengistu Y, Edwards C, Saunders J R. Continuous culture studies on the synthesis of capsular polysaccharide by Klebsiella pneumoniae K1[J]. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 2010,76(5):424-430.
[14]
Neijssel O M, Tempest D W. The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 418organisms, growing in chemostat culture[J]. Archives of Microbiology, 1975, 106(3):251-258.
[15]
Linton J D, Jones D S, Woodward S. Factors that control the rate of exopolysaccharide production by agrobacterium radiobacter NCIB 11883[J]. Microbiology, 1987,133(11):2979-2987.
[16]
Yang S F, Li X Y. In?uences of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the characteristics of activated sludge under non-steady-state conditions[J]. Process Biochem, 2009,44(1),91-96.
[17]
Liu H, Fang H H P. Extraction of extracellularpolymeric substances (EPS) sludges[J]. Journal of Biotechnology, 2002, 95(3):249-256.
[18]
Liu H, Fang H H P. In?uences of extracellularpolymeric subtances (EPS) on ?occulation, settling, anddewatering of activated sludge[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2003,33(3):237-273.
[19]
Frølund B, Palmgren R, Keiding K, et al. Extraction of extracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchange resin[J]. Water Research, 1996,30(8):1749-1758.
[20]
Morgan J W, Forster C F, Evison L. A comparative study of the nature of biopolymers extracted from anaerobic and activated sludges[J]. Water Research, 1990,24(6):743-750.
[21]
Chen W, Westerhoff P, Leenheer J A, et al. Fluorescence excitation-Emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J]. environmental science & technology, 2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[22]
Sanin F D, Vatansever A, Turtin I, et al. Operational conditions of activated sludge:influence on flocculation and dewaterability[J]. Drying Technol, 2006,24(10):1297-1306.
[23]
Lee C H, Liu J C. Enhanced sludge dewatering by dual polyectrolytes conditioning[J]. Water Research, 2000,34(18):4430-4436.
[24]
Li X Y, Yang S F. Influence of loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) on the flocculation, sedimentation and dewaterability of activated sludge[J]. Water Research, 2007, 41(5):1022-1030.
[25]
Eriksson L, Alm B. Study of flocculation mechanism by observing effects of a complexing agent on activated sludge properties[J]. Waterence & Technology, 1991,24(7):21-28.
[26]
Sponza D T. Investigation of extracellular polymer substances(EPS)and physicochemical properties of different activated sludge flocs under steady-state conditions[J]. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2003,32(3):375-385.
[27]
Cetin S, Erdincler A. The role of carbohydrate and protein parts of extracellular polymeric substances on the dewaterability of biological sludges[J]. Water Science & Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2004,50(9):49-56.
[28]
Jahn A, Nielsen P H. Cell biomass and exopolymer composition in sewer biofilms[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1998,37(1):17-24.