Characteristics and sources of wet deposition of nitrogen in the Pengxi River Basin of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
ZHANG Liu-yi1,2,4, LIU Yan-ji1, FU Kun1, YANG Fu-mo1,2,3,4, CHEN Yang2,4, FU Chuan1, TIAN Mi1,2,5, LI Ting-zhen1, HUANG Yi-min1, ZHANG Lei1
1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, China;
2. CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China;
3. National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
5. School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
From January to December 2016, atmospheric wet deposition samples were collected at six sampling sites, among which five sites were located in the Pengxi River Basin and the other was in the urban area of Wanzhou. The spatio-temporal variation and sources of the atmospheric wet deposition of nitrogen were analyzed, and its contribution to nitrogen in water bodies in the basin were estimated. The spatial variations of nitrogen wet deposition in Pengxi River Basin was insignificant, i.e., an even distribution in general in the region. On the other hand, the seasonal difference was substantial, with larger deposition in spring and summer. The averaged concentration in deposition samples and the depositional flux of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were 1.1mg N/L and 11.8kg N/(hm2·a), respectively. The nitrogen in wet deposition was mainly originated from secondary sources, crustal, transportation, and aquaculture, accounting for 47.4%, 23.5%, 14.3%, 10.9%, respectively. The contribution from industry and fossil fuel combustion was only 2.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. The nitrogen transported directly into the water body via wet deposition was 76.9 tons per year in the study area, accounting for 1.8% of total input. This depositional flux of nitrogen exceeded the critical load of eutrophication. The ammonium (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3--N), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) accounted for 63.3%, 25.9%, and 10.7% in nitrogen depositional fluxes in the basin, respectively. Therefore, it was critical to reduce ammonia emission in the region for the effective control of nitrogen deposition in Pengxi River Basin.
张六一, 刘妍霁, 符坤, 杨复沫, 陈阳, 付川, 田密, 李廷真, 黄怡民, 张雷. 三峡库区澎溪河流域氮湿沉特征及其来源[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(12): 4999-5008.
ZHANG Liu-yi, LIU Yan-ji, FU Kun, YANG Fu-mo, CHEN Yang, FU Chuan, TIAN Mi, LI Ting-zhen, HUANG Yi-min, ZHANG Lei. Characteristics and sources of wet deposition of nitrogen in the Pengxi River Basin of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(12): 4999-5008.
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