关中平原城市群夏季城市热岛特征及驱动力

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摘要以2001~2017年夏季长时间序列的MODIS地温产品及相关数据为基础，使用Mann-Kendall非参数检验与Sen’s斜率分析法揭示了关中平原城市群地表热环境的时空变化趋势，利用主成分分析法构建城市热环境指数（UTEI）来表征地区热环境的优劣，借助地理探测器对影响地表温度（LST）的主要因子进行驱动力分析.结果表明，关中平原城市群2001~2017年间夏季白天平均LST为29.3℃，夜晚为18.3℃，白天和夜晚LST的变化率分别为-0.053和0.026℃/a，白天的降温幅度略高于夜间的增温幅度.地表热岛强度（SUHII）在17a间呈上升趋势，白天的增长速率大于夜间，老城区的SUHII大于新建城区.UTEI与LST之间存在显著的负相关，白天（P<0.05，R²=0.850）和夜晚（P<0.05，R²=0.624）都表现为二次曲线关系.因子探测分析表明，地表干度指数（NDBSI）、高程（DEM）与增强植被指数（EVI）是白天LST空间分异的主控因子（q>0.6），夜晚LST受夜间灯光、DEM与气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）的影响更大（q>0.4）.交互探测结果显示，DEM与NDBSI之间的交互效果在白天最好，DEM与夜间灯光之间的交互作用在夜间最大，任意双因子之间的交互作用优于单一因子的作用效果.本研究对于加强关中平原城市群地表热环境的监测与评价具有重要指导意义.

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	胡李发
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关键词 ： Mann-Kendall非参数检验, 主成分分析, 城市热岛, 城市热环境指数, 地理探测器

Abstract：Based on the MODIS land surface temperature (LST) products and related data of the long time series of summer 2001~2017, the spatial and temporal variation trend of surface thermal environment in Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration was revealed using Mann-Kendall non-parametric test and Sen's slope analysis. The pros and cons of the regional thermal environment was characterized by using Principal component analysis to construct the urban thermal environment index (UTEI), and the driving forces affecting LST were analyzed with the help of Geodetector. From 2001 to 2017, the average LST of Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration in summer was 29.3℃ during the daytime and 18.3℃ at night. The change rates of LST in the daytime and at night were −0.053℃/a and 0.026℃/a respectively, and the cooling rate of daytime was slightly higher than the heating rate of nighttime. Surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) showed an upward trend during 17years. The growth rate in the daytime was higher than that at night, and SUHII in the old urban area is larger than that in the new urban area. There was a significant negative correlation between UTEI and LST, which is quadratic during the day(P<0.05, R²=0.850) and at night(P<0.05, R²=0.624). The factor detection analysis showed that normalized difference built-up and soil index(NDBSI), DEM and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were the main controlling factors of the spatial differentiation of LST during the day (q>0.6), and LST at night was more affected by night light, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and DEM (q>0.4). The results of interactive detection showed that interaction between DEM and NDBSI was the best in the daytime, and the interaction between DEM and night light was the largest at night. The interaction between any two factors is better than that of a single factor. This study has important guiding significance for strengthening the monitoring and evaluation of the surface thermal environment in Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration.

Key words： Mann-Kendall nonparametric test principal component analysis urban heat island urban thermal environment index Geodetector

收稿日期: 2020-12-28

PACS:

X16

基金资助:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2017JM4035）

通讯作者: 谢元礼,副教授,xieyuanli@126.com E-mail: xieyuanli@126.com

作者简介: 胡李发(1999-),男,四川达州人,西北大学硕士研究生,主要从事城市热环境研究.发表论文1篇.

引用本文:

胡李发, 谢元礼, 崔思颖, 周鹏, 李云梅, 孙韶启. 关中平原城市群夏季城市热岛特征及驱动力[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(8): 3842-3852. HU Li-fa, XIE Yuan-li, CUI Si-ying, ZHOU Peng, LI Yun-mei, SUN Shao-qi. The characteristics and driving forces of summer urban heat island in Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(8): 3842-3852.

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