Effects of biomass-covering materials on gaseous emissions and mechanism during biogas slurry storage
WEI Jia-xin, QI Chuan-ren, LIU Wan-cen, LUO Wen-hai, LI Guo-xue, ZHANG Zhi-ye
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Abstract：This study aimed to investigate the effects of sawdust, garden waste, and corn straw as covering materials on gaseous emissions during biogas slurry storage at the same weight of 650g. The emission of ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from biogas slurry were measured by the dynamic chamber method. The results showed that mulching significantly reduced the emission of NH3, but increased the emissions of N2O, CH4, CO2 and H2S, thus increasing the total CO2 equivalent. The order of such increase followeds: garden waste (26.0%) > corn straw (24.7%) > sawdust 1(12.9%). Microbial analysis indicated that,mulching treatment inhibited the activity of microorganisms for chemoenergetic heterotrophy, anabolic heterotrophy, nitrate ammonification, nitrate reduction, nitrite respiration and nitrate respiration, thus reducing the intensity of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles. Compared to garden waste and corn straw, sawdust mulching significantly reduced the relative abundance of bacteria such as Bacteroidaceae and Porphyromonadaceae to restrain carbon and nitrogen cycles for the reduction of organic decomposition and thus gaseous emissions inside biogas slurry. It is noteworthy that biomass coverage increased the cumulative emission of greenhouse gases, possibly due to the decomposition of organic substances in covering materials to overcome their performance for the blockage of gaseous emissions from biogas slurry. Of the three materials, sawdust was recalcitrant to biodegradation and thus led to lowest cumulative emission of greenhouse gases. Furthermore, sawdust facilitated the formation of a tough cake layer on the surface of biogas slurry to inhibit carbon and nitrogen cycles for gaseous emissions. Therefore, sawdust is highly recommended as the biomass material to mitigate gaseous emissions in biogas slurry storage. Nevertheless, further investigation is still needed to optimize sawdust thickness as a coverage in the management of biogas slurry storage.
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