The effects of tourism-related trampling on the root-associated fungal community of Fanjing Mountain
LIU Min1, ZHANG Tao2, LI Long3, ZHENG Rong4, YANG Chuan-dong1, WANG Zu-hua1
1. College of A&F Engineering and Planning, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; 2. Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Jiangkou 554400, China; 3. School of Data Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China; 4. College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
Abstract：The aim of this study was to explore the responses of the root-associated fungal community to tourism-related trampling at different elevations on Fanjing Mountain. Extremely high trampling plots, high trampling plots, moderate trampling plots, light trampling plots and no trampling plots were established at 1100, 1500 and 2000m, and root samples were collected in the plots by the point-centered-quarter method. The characteristics of root-associated fungal community were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing technology. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum, while Hyaloscyphaceae, Dermateaceae, Herpotrichiellaceae and Glomeraceae were the most abundant families. Higher fungal richness and diversity were found in the plots with moderate or light trampling, and two-way permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed that tourism-related trampling, elevation, and the tourism trampling×elevation interaction significantly affected the root-associated fungal community. The changes in root-associated fungal richness were mainly driven by elevation, tourism-related trampling, root tissue density and leaf biomass; elevation, tourism-related trampling, specific root length, root carbon content and leaf biomass were the important factors influencing the Shannon index. The changes in tourism-related trampling, elevation, soil total carbon, soil total phosphorus, root carbon content, mean root diameter, leaf biomass and leaf carbon content significantly affected root-associated fungal community structure, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents explained the vast majority of the differences in root-associated fungal community composition.
刘敏, 张涛, 李龙, 峥嵘, 杨传东, 王祖华. 旅游踩踏对梵净山植物根系真菌群落的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(4): 2017-2027.
LIU Min, ZHANG Tao, LI Long, ZHENG Rong, YANG Chuan-dong, WANG Zu-hua. The effects of tourism-related trampling on the root-associated fungal community of Fanjing Mountain. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(4): 2017-2027.
段桂兰,朱寅健.旅游干扰对土壤生态系统的影响研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2019,39(22):8338-8345. Duan G L, Zhu Y J. Review on the effects of tourism disturbance on soil ecosystem[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019,39(22):8338-8345.
[2]
Li Z, Siemann E, Deng B, et al. Soil microbial community responses to soil chemistry modifications in alpine meadows following human trampling[J]. Catena, 2020,194:104717.
[3]
Root-Bernstein M, Svenning J C. Human paths have positive impacts on plant richness and diversity:A meta-analysis[J]. Ecology and Evolution, 2018,8(22):11111-11121.
[4]
Chardon N I, Rixen C, Wipf S, et al. Human trampling disturbance exerts different ecological effects at contrasting elevational range limits[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019,56(6):1389-1399.
[5]
Matulewski P, Buchwal A, Zielonka A, et al. Trampling as a major ecological factor affecting the radial growth and wood anatomy of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) roots on a hiking trail[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2021,121:107095.
[6]
Piscová V, Ševčík M, Hreško J, et al. Effects of a short-term trampling experiment on Alpine vegetation in the Tatras, Slovakia[J]. Sustainability, 2021,13(5):2750.
[7]
张丽梅.药泉山土壤动物和土壤微生物群落对旅游踩踏的响应[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨师范大学, 2016. Zhang L M. Response of soil fauna and soil microorganism communities to tourism trample[D]. Harbin:Harbin Normal University, 2016.
[8]
Marupakula S, Mahmood S, Clemmensen K E, et al. Root associated fungi respond more strongly than rhizosphere soil fungi to N fertilization in a boreal forest[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021,766:142597.
[9]
Chen Z, Jin Y, Yao X, et al. Fungal endophyte improves survival of Lolium perenne in low fertility soils by increasing root growth, metabolic activity and absorption of nutrients[J]. Plant and Soil, 2020,452:185-206.
[10]
Begum N, Qin C, Ahanger M A, et al. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant growth regulation:Implications in abiotic stress tolerance[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019,10:1068.
[11]
阳 祥,黄晓婷,王 纯,等.典型稻田土壤真菌群落结构及多样性对比[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(10):4549-4556. Yang X, Huang X T, Wang C, et al. Comparison of fungal community structure and diversity in typical paddy fields[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(10):4549-4556.
[12]
梁月明,苏以荣,何寻阳,等.岩溶区典型灌丛植物根系丛枝菌根真菌群落结构解析[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(12):5657-5664. Liang Y M, Su Y R, He X Y, et al. Structure analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal in roots from different shrubs in karst regions[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(12):5657-5664.
[13]
González-Teuber M, Vilo C, Guevara-Araya M J, et al. Leaf resistance traits influence endophytic fungi colonization and community composition in a South American temperate rainforest[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2020,108(3):1019-1029.
[14]
张树萌,黄懿梅,倪银霞,等.宁南山区人工林草对土壤真菌群落的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(4):1449-1458. Zhang S M, Huang Y M, Ni Y X, et al. Effects of artificial forest and grass on soil fungal community at southern Ningxia mountain[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(4):1449-1458.
[15]
Pepin N, Bradley R S, Diaz H F, et al. Elevation-dependent warming in mountain regions of the world[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2015, 5:424-430.
[16]
徐 璐,刘旻霞,穆若兰,等.高寒草甸植物群落谱系结构与多样性格局[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021,41(3):1387-1397. Xu L, Liu M X, Mu R L, et al. Phylogenetic structure and diversity pattern of plant community in alpine meadow[J]. China Environmental Science, 2021,41(3):1387-1397.
[17]
Miyamoto Y, Nakano T, Hattori M, et al. The mid-domain effect in ectomycorrhizal fungi:range overlap along an elevation gradient on Mount Fuji, Japan[J]. The ISME Journal, 2014,8(8):1739-1746.
[18]
熊 涵.不同海拔对马缨杜鹃土壤真菌、根际真菌和根内生真菌群落结构的影响[D]. 贵阳:贵州师范大学, 2021. Xiong H. Effects of different altitudes on community structure of soil fungi, rhizosphere fungi and root endophytic fungi in Rhododendron delavayi Franch[D]. Guiyang:Guizhou Normal University, 2021.
[19]
罗正明,刘晋仙,暴家兵,等.五台山亚高山土壤真菌海拔分布格局与构建机制[J]. 生态学报, 2020,40(19):7009-7017. Luo Z M, Liu J X, Bao J B, et al. Elevational distribution patterns and assembly mechanisms of soil fungal community in Mount Wutai, Shanxi, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020,40(19):7009-7017.
[20]
郝 帅,郑 伟,朱亚琼,等.旅游干扰和海拔梯度对山地草甸植物叶片与土壤化学计量特征的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2021,38(3):453-467. Hao S, Zheng W, Zhu Y Q, et al. Effects of tourism disturbance and altitudinal gradient on leaf and soil ecological stoichiometry of a mountain meadow in Altai Mountains, China[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2021,38(3):453-467.
[21]
阳 清.旅游对南岳衡山植物群落的影响研究[D]. 长沙:湖南农业大学, 2009. Yang Q. The study on the impact of tourism to plant community in NanYue[D]. Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University, 2009.
[22]
朱佳运.梵净山植物多样性全球对比分析与世界遗产价值[D]. 贵阳:贵州师范大学, 2017. Zhu J Y. Global comparative analysis and the world heritage values on the plant diversity of Fanjingshan[D]. Guiyang:Guizhou Normal University, 2017.
[23]
王 丞,冉 伟,杨朝辉,等.梵净山保护区主要雉类的繁殖期栖息地选择与空间分布[J]. 林业科学, 2020,56(11):134-142. Wang C, Ran W, Yang C H, et al. Habitats selection and spatial distribution of main pheasants in Fanjingshan Reserve during breeding period[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020,56(11):124-142.
[24]
王 丞,李海波,杨朝辉,等.梵净山东北部同域分布黔金丝猴与藏酋猴的时空分布格局[J]. 林业科学, 2022,58(3):117-128. Wang C, Li H B, Yang C H, et al. Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of Rhinopithecus brelichi and Macaca thibetana in the same region of the northeast Fanjingshan[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(3):117-128.
[25]
Liu Y, Luo W, Mu G, et al. C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics of the soil-vegetation system of three rare tree species growing on Mount Fanjing in Southwest China[J]. Global Ecology and Conservation, 2021,32:e01893.
[26]
Wang Z, Zheng R, Yang L, et al. Elevation gradient distribution of indices of tree population in a montane forest:The role of leaf traits and the environment[J]. Forest Ecosystems, 2022,9:100012.
[27]
He R J, Long C L, Yao L M, et al. Acaulospora fanjing (Glomeromycota), a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from Fanjingshan in China[J]. Phytotaxa, 2021,524:191-198.
[28]
尚 昆,石 磊,李海波,等.梵净山不同海拔丛枝菌根真菌多样性[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2020,48(2):76-80. Shang K, Shi L, Li H B, et al. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different heights of Fanjingshan mountain[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2020,48(2):76-80.
[29]
王鹏举.梵净山脊椎动物多样性全球对比分析与世界遗产价值研究[D]. 贵阳:贵州师范大学, 2017. Wang P J. Global comparative analysis and the world heritage values on vertebrate animal diversity of Fanjing Mountain[D]. Guiyang:Guizhou Normal University, 2017.
[30]
Cottam G, Curtis J T. The use of distance measures in phytosociological sampling[J]. Ecology, 1956,37(3):451-460.
[31]
Pregitzer K S, Deforest J L, Burton A J, et al. Fine root architecture of nine North American trees[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2002,72(2):293-309.
[32]
鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第3版)[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000:74-76,268-270. Bao S D. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis (3th Edition)[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2000:74-76,268-270.
[33]
Wang L, Sun X, Wei J G, et al. A new endophytic fungus Neofabraea illicii isolated from Illicium verum[J]. Mycoscience, 2015,56(3):332-339.
[34]
Callahan B J, McMurdie P J, Rosen M J, et al. DADA2:High-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data[J]. Nature Methods, 2016,13(7):581-583.
[35]
Wang Q, Garrity G M, Tiedje J M, et al. Naive Bayesian classifier for rapid assignment of rRNA sequences into the new bacterial taxonomy[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2007,73(16):5261-5267.
[36]
Rodriguez-Ramos J C, Cale J A, Cahill Jr J F, et al. Changes in soil fungal community composition depend on functional group and forest disturbance type[J]. New Phytologist, 2021,229(2):1105-1117.
[37]
Borowicz V A. Do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter plant-pathogen relations[J]. Ecology, 2001,82(11):3057-3068.
[38]
Connell J H. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs:High diversity of trees and corals is maintained only in a nonequilibrium state[J]. Science, 1978,199(4335):1302-1310.
[39]
Shigyo N, Hirao T. Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi exhibit contrasting richness patterns along elevational gradients in cool-temperate montane forests[J]. Fungal Ecology, 2021,50:101036.
[40]
Sheng Y, Cong W, Yang L, et al. Forest soil fungal community elevational distribution pattern and their ecological assembly processes[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019,10:2226.
[41]
Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Jia X, et al. Soil characteristics and microbial community structure on along elevation gradient in a Pinus armandii forest of the Qinling Mountains, China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2022,503:119793.
[42]
Ezawa T, Saito K. How do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi handle phosphate? New insight into fine-tuning of phosphate metabolism[J]. New Phytologist, 2018,220(4):1116-1121.
[43]
Lekberg Y, Arnillas C A, Borer E T, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization consistently favor pathogenic over mutualistic fungi in grassland soils[J]. Nature Communications, 2021,12(1):1-8.
[44]
Santonja M, Rancon A, Fromin N, et al. Plant litter diversity increases microbial abundance, fungal diversity, and carbon and nitrogen cycling in a Mediterranean shrubland[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2017,111:124-134.
[45]
Bever J D. Preferential allocation, physio-evolutionary feedbacks, and the stability and environmental patterns of mutualism between plants and their root symbionts[J]. New Phytologist, 2015,205(4):1503-1514.
[46]
Yu C, Han F, Fu G. Effects of 7years experimental warming on soil bacterial and fungal community structure in the Northern Tibet alpine meadow at three elevations[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019,655:814-822.
[47]
Svenningsen N B, Watts-Williams S J, Joner E J, et al. Suppression of the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by the soil microbiota[J]. The ISME Journal, 2018,12(5):1296-1307.
[48]
Gilbert B, Bennett J R. Partitioning variation in ecological communities:do the numbers add up[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010,47(5):1071-1082.
