2019~2021年四川盆地污染天气客观分型及典型污染个例研究

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摘要利用PCT客观天气分型方法对2019~2021年四川盆地海平面气压场,700和500hPa位势高度场进行天气分型,并结合同期污染数据、气象数据以研究天气形势和气象要素与大气污染之间的关系.结果表明:①冬半年海平面天气型为低压场,700hPa为西风槽型,500hPa为平直纬向型,气象要素为低温高湿,边界层高度低,风场存在辐合时,易出现PM_2.5污染.②夏半年容易造成O₃污染的海平面天气型为低压场,700hPa为西风槽型,500hPa位于西风槽后部,受西北气流控制,以高温低湿,边界层高度高,辐射强度大,降水少为典型特征.③污染天气的形成与高低空天气形势的耦合作用相关.逆温对冬半年的污染有较好的指示意义, 典型PM_2.5污染天气均伴随多层逆温或者贴地逆温,限制污染物的垂直扩散.④四川盆地PM_2.5浓度的高值区主要分布在盆地西部和南部,低值区出现在盆地北部.O₃浓度的空间分布表现为成都平原以及川南地区较高,川东北地区较低.

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	王聪聪
	张小玲
	卢宁生

关键词 ：四川盆地, PM_2.5, O₃, 天气分型, 个例研究

Abstract：In this study, the PCT objective weather classification method was applied to research the sea level pressure field and 700 and 500hPa geopotential height fields in the Sichuan basin from 2019 to 2021, and the relationship between weather conditions and meteorological elements and air pollution was studied with the combination of environmental monitoring data. The results show that:①It is easy to appear PM_2.5 pollution during the winter half-year, when the weather type of the sea level is low pressure field, 700hPa for westerly trough type, 500hPa for flat latitudinal type, and the weather elements are characterized by low temperature and high humidity, low boundary layer height, existence of convergence of wind field. ②It is conducive to O₃ pollution during the summer half-year, when the sea level weather type is low pressure field, 700hPa with the westerly trough type, 500hPa lying at the back of the westerly trough, controlled by northwest airflow, the meteorology conditions with the characteristics of high temperature, low humidity, high boundary layer height, high radiation intensity and low precipitation. ③The formation of polluted weather is related to the coupling effect of high and low altitude weather patterns. The inverse temperature is a good indicator of pollution during the winter half-year, typical PM_2.5 pollution days are accompanied by multi-layer inversion or ground inversion, which limits the vertical diffusion of pollutants. ④The PM_2.5 high concentration area is mainly distributed in the west and south of the Sichuan Basin, and the low value areas are found in the northern part of the Sichuan Basin. The spatial distribution of O₃ concentration is higher in the Chengdu Plain and the southern part of Sichuan Basin,while the lower concentration in the northeastern part of Sichuan.

Key words： Sichuan Basin PM_2.5 O₃ weather classification case study

收稿日期: 2022-10-11

PACS:

X51

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0214002);成都市科技局重点研发支撑计划(2020-YF09-00031-SN);成都信息工程大学引进人才科研启动项目(KYTZ202127)

通讯作者: 张小玲,教授,xlzhang@ium.cn E-mail: xlzhang@ium.cn

作者简介: 王聪聪(1999-),女,山东临沂人,成都信息工程大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气物理学与大气环境研究.529890272@qq.com.

引用本文:

王聪聪, 张小玲, 卢宁生. 2019~2021年四川盆地污染天气客观分型及典型污染个例研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(5): 2182-2197. WANG Cong-cong, ZHANG Xiao-ling, LU Ning-sheng. Objective classification of pollution weather and typical pollution cases in Sichuan Basin from 2019 to 2021. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(5): 2182-2197.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I5/2182

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