深圳工业区夏秋季大气挥发性有机物来源研究

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摘要于2021年夏秋季(7~10月)在深圳北部工业区开展大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)长期在线观测,以分析O₃污染日和非污染日VOCs污染特征,并利用特征物种比值法和正交矩阵因子模型(PMF)对VOCs来源进行精细化解析,以探究各类排放源的浓度贡献、臭氧生成潜势(OFP)贡献以及气象条件对其产生的影响.结果表明,深圳工业区夏秋季总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)平均浓度为50.48×10^-9,其中浓度最高的为烷烃,其次为含氧有机物(OVOCs)和芳香烃,分别占比41.3%、22.2%和17.0%.与非污染日相比,OVOCs浓度在污染日上升幅度最高(63.1%).特征物种比值则表明该地区主要受到机动车排放和有机溶剂使用的影响.利用PMF源解析出5个主要排放源,其中机动车排放及汽油挥发的浓度贡献最大(28.2%),其次为工艺过程排放(25.0%)、溶剂使用(22.9%)和生物质燃烧(20.4%).在污染日,工艺过程排放和溶剂使用这两类源的OFP贡献超过70%.各类排放源风场分布特征结果表明,机动车排放及汽油挥发、工艺过程排放和溶剂使用主要来自于本地排放,而生物质燃烧则更多地受到东北方向的传输贡献.建议加大本地工业源和交通源管控,同时关注生物质燃烧,加强与周边区域的联防联控.

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	张月
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	曹礼明
	于广河
	黄晓锋

关键词 ：工业区, 挥发性有机物, 臭氧生成潜势, 特征物种比值法, 正交矩阵因子分析

Abstract：The long-term online observation of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was carried out in the northern industrial area of Shenzhen from July to October 2021 to analyze pollution characteristics of VOCs during ozone polluted days and non-polluted days. The refined source apportionment of VOCs was carried out by using ratio method of characteristics species and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to analyze the concentration and OFP contribution of each emission source and the influence of meteorological conditions. The results showed that the average mixing ratio of TVOCs was 50.48×10^-9, of which alkane contributed the most, followed by OVOCs and aromatic, accounting for 41.3%, 22.2% and 17.0% respectively. Comparing with non-polluted days, the mixing ratio of OVOCs increased the most during polluted days (63.1%). The ratio of characteristic species indicated that the area was mainly affected by vehicle emission and industrial solvent use. Five VOCs emission sources were determined by the PMF model, of which vehicle emissions and gasoline volatilization contributed the most to the concentration (28.2%), followed by solvent use (22.9%), process emissions (25.0%) and biomass combustion (20.4%). OFP contribution of process emissions and solvent use exceeded 70% during polluted days. The distribution characteristics with wind speed and direction indicated that vehicle emissions and gasoline volatilization, process emissions and solvent use mainly came from local emissions, while biomass combustion was more influenced by transmission from northeast. It is suggested to intensify local industrial and traffic source controls, while also paying attention to biomass combustion and strengthening joint prevention and control with neighboring areas.

Key words： industrial area volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ozone formation potential (OFP) ratio method of characteristics species positive matrix factorization (PMF)

收稿日期: 2023-01-05

PACS:

X511

基金资助:深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ202002011006340)

通讯作者: 曹礼明,高级工程师,climing@pku.edu.cn E-mail: climing@pku.edu.cn

作者简介: 张月(1998-),女,安徽人,北京大学硕士研究生,主要从事大气挥发性有机物的测量及污染研究.发表论文2篇.zhang-yue@stu.pku.edu.cn

引用本文:

张月, 夏士勇, 魏成波, 刘侍奇, 曹礼明, 于广河, 黄晓锋. 深圳工业区夏秋季大气挥发性有机物来源研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(8): 3857-3866. ZHANG Yue, XIA Shi-yong, WEI Cheng-bo, LIU Shi-qi, CAO Li-ming, YU Guang-he, HUANG Xiao-feng. Source apportionment of atmospheric volatile organic compounds in summer and autumn in Shenzhen industrial area. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(8): 3857-3866.

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