基于密度浮选和油提取的土壤微塑料分离方法研究

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摘要为系统分析土壤微塑料分离方法的特点，筛选满足不同使用需求的分离方式，研究了基于密度浮选和油提取的12种处理（S1~S12）对7种类型（PP；PE；PS；ABS；PC；PVC；PET）、3种粒级（2~5mm；1~2mm；0.5~1mm）微塑料的提取率及所需成本，并进行综合分析.结果表明：密度浮选法（S2~S4）提取率为89.93%~96.35%，受浮选液密度影响显著；油提取法（S5~S10）提取率为78.57%~93.33%，受提取油类型的影响显著（P<0.05），而油用量的影响不显著（P>0.05）.油提取法随微塑料密度增加，其提取率逐渐下降，且对微塑料粒径有特异性选择，当粒径在1~2mm时提取率最高，达到90%以上，粒径>2mm时提取率显著下降.密度浮选法和油提取法相结合能增加微塑料的提取率，同时减小不同粒径之间的差异，使提取效果更稳定.综合考虑提取率和成本，选出经济型（S5）、均衡型（S2）、高能型（S3）三种提取方式以满足不同使用需求.

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	左振江
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	王艳辉
	许明祥

关键词 ：土壤, 微塑料, 密度浮选, 油提取, 经济性

Abstract：To compare the characteristics of soil microplastic separation methods which could meet different usage requirements, this study conducted 12 experimental treatments (S1~S12) based on the density flotation and oil extraction methods, by analyzing the extraction efficiency and cost of microplastics comprehensively, including seven types of microplastics (PP; PE; PS; ABS; PC; PVC; PET) and three particle sizes (2~5mm; 1~2mm; 0.5~1mm). The results showed that:There are differences in the extraction efficiency among extraction methods. Specifically, the extraction efficiency of density flotation (S2~S4) ranged from 89.93% to 96.35% and was significantly influenced by the density of the flotation liquid. The extraction efficiency of the oil extraction method (S5~S10) ranged from 78.57% to 93.33% and was affected by the type of extraction oil (P<0.05), with no significant impact from the amount of oil used (P>0.05). As the density of microplastics increased, the extraction efficiency of the oil extraction method gradually decreased, and it exhibited specific selectivity based on microplastic particle size. The highest extraction efficiency for microplastics was achieved when the particle size was in the range of 1~2mm, exceeding 90%, while extraction efficiency significantly decreased for particle sizes >2mm. The combination of density flotation and oil extraction methods could increase the extraction efficiency of microplastics and reduced differences among different particle sizes, resulting in a more stable extraction effect. Considering both extraction efficiency and cost, three extraction methods were selected to meet different usage requirements:the economical method (S5), the balanced method (S2), and the high-energy method (S3).

Key words： soil microplastics density flotation oil extraction economical efficiency

收稿日期: 2023-03-13

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（42177345）

通讯作者: 许明祥,研究员,xumx@nwafu.edu.cn E-mail: xumx@nwafu.edu.cn

作者简介: 左振江(1996-),男,河南周口人,西北农林科技大学硕士研究生,主要从事农田土壤微塑料检测与监测技术研究.zzj0333@163.com.

引用本文:

左振江, 王菊, 王艳辉, 许明祥. 基于密度浮选和油提取的土壤微塑料分离方法研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(11): 5954-5960. ZUO Zhen-jiang, WANG Ju, WANG Yan-hui, XU Ming-xiang. Research on soil microplastic separation methods based on density flotation and oil extraction. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(11): 5954-5960.

链接本文:

http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I11/5954

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