京津冀地区典型石化园区VOCs排放特征及影响评价

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摘要以京津冀地区某石化园区为研究对象,选取园区内5个代表性点位进行采样并分析,识别了该区域内85种挥发性有机物(VOCs)的排放特征,评估其对环境及健康的影响.研究发现,5个点位总挥发性有机化合物(TVOCs)浓度为546.0~4472.2μg/m³,烷烃和烯烃是主要组成部分,芳香烃和卤代烃次之.对比各点位VOCs组分的日变化发现谷峰出现的时间有所差异,且各点位的特征物种不同.合成橡胶区OFP最高(13239.8μg/m³),烯烃对O₃生成的贡献最高(62.8%~90.5%),其次是烷烃(3.8%~34.8%)和芳香烃(2.2%~22.1%).除此之外,仅合成橡胶区发生恶臭污染,1,3-丁二烯(0.68)、正己烷(0.30)是产生恶臭的主要VOCs物种.通过使用USEPA方法评估各点位健康风险,发现合成橡胶区域非致癌风险及炼油区致癌风险高于其他点位.

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关键词 ：挥发性有机化合物(VOCs), 石化园区, 臭氧生成潜势, 恶臭污染, 健康风险

Abstract：We chose a petrochemical park in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei as the research target, and five representative sites were selected for sampling and analysis. 85 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected and their impacts on the environment and health were evaluated. The results showed that the concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were 546.0~4472.2μg/m₃, in which alkanes and alkenes were the dominant group, followed by aromatics and halocarbons. Compared with the diurnal variation of VOCs components at each site, the time of peak and valley values appearing were different, and the typical species were different. Additionally, OFP in the synthetic rubber area was the richest (13239.8μg/m₃). The contribution of alkenes to OFP was the highest (62.8%~90.5%), followed by alkanes (3.8%~34.8%) and aromatics (2.2%~22.1%). Otherwise, only the synthetic rubber area was polluted by odor, 1,3-butadiene (0.68) and n-hexane (0.30) were the main VOCs species that produced odor. Moreover, the health risk associated with each site was assessed by the US EPA method, indicating that the non-cancer risk of synthetic rubber and cancer risk of oil refining were higher than those of other sites.

Key words： volatile organic compounds(VOCs) petrochemical park ozone formation potential odor pollution health riskassessment

收稿日期: 2024-10-10

PACS:

X51

作者简介: 张香蕊(2000-),女,河北省黄骅市人,北京工业大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气污染防治.发表论文1篇.zxr05162000@163.com.

引用本文:

张香蕊, 魏巍, 李国昊, 白画画, 刘晓宇, 吕喆. 京津冀地区典型石化园区VOCs排放特征及影响评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2025, 45(5): 2423-2433. ZHANG Xiang-rui, WEI Wei, LI Guo-hao, BAI Hua-hua, LIU Xiao-yu, LYU Zhe. Emission characteristics and influences assessment of volatile organic compounds from a typical petrochemical park in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2025, 45(5): 2423-2433.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V45/I5/2423

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