金属离子污染砂土复电阻率的时变特征及形成机制

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摘要为研究不同污染情况下土壤复电阻率的时间变异特征及控制机制，设计了人工砂土和水2种不同的介质作对照，以NaCl、MnCl₂和模拟海水作为污染物分别模拟海水入侵和金属离子污染场景，测量10⁰~10³Hz范围内的相位变化并观测其时变特性.结果显示，无论在纯液相介质中还是在土壤介质中，相位值都随着污染物浓度的增大而减小，随频率的增大而增大.随着污染物浓度的变化，土壤介质中的相位比水相介质中更加敏感.在土壤和水的背景环境下，通入1g/L的NaCl溶液，在1Hz条件下测量，土壤相位下降了约42%，而水相介质几乎看不出相位变化.针对固定频率进行多次测量的结果表明，水相介质中的相位值稳定而土壤介质中的相位值在中高频段（>16Hz）表现出了明显的时变特征，这种时变性也随着污染物浓度的增大而减小.在10²Hz时，测得沙柱背景值的相位浮动范围在-4.05~-11.67mrad，方差达到4.8，而在水相溶液中方差仅为0.09.复电阻率法对金属离子污染土壤的反应很灵敏，有较好的指示意义，其参数变化主要与孔隙水中金属离子含量有关.但由于多相介质的相界面特征以及孔隙结构的复杂性，使得交变电流下电荷载流子在介质中的迁移极化规律混乱，造成相位波动.

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	刘玉强

关键词 ：相位, 介电特性, 物探, 联合反演

Abstract：In order to understand the time-varying characteristics and control mechanisms of complex resistivity in soils with different contamination degree, the experiment of sand column and water column was designed to measure the phase in 10⁰~10³Hz by taking NaCl, MnCl₂ and artificial seawater as contaminants. The results showed that the phase decreased with the pollutant concentration and increased with the frequency. The phase in sand column was more sensitive than that in water column with the change of pollutant concentration. Under the background of soil and water, when contaminated by 1g/L NaCl, the phase of soil decreased by about 42%, while the change in water column was almost invisible at 1Hz. The results of repeated measurements for fixed frequencies showed that the phase in water column was stable while it took on obvious time-varying property in sand column (>16Hz). This property also decreased with pollutant content in solution. At 10²Hz, the background value of phase measurement in sand column was between -4.05~-11.67mrad, the variance reached 4.8 while it was only 0.09 in water column. Complex resistivity method has better performance in detection and monitoring of cations contaminated sites, the change of its parameters is mainly related to the content of cations in pore water. However, due to the interface properties and the complexity of the pore structure, migration and polarization of charge carrier in the medium are chaotic by the alternating current, and finally cause phase fluctuation.

Key words： phase dielectric properties joint inversion geophysical prospecting

收稿日期: 2018-08-06

PACS:

X53

基金资助:国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1800902）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51708529）；中央级院所基本科研业务专项重点项目（2016YSKY14）

通讯作者: 徐亚,副研究员,xuya@craes.org.cn E-mail: xuya@craes.org.cn

作者简介: 王泽亚(1993-),男,江苏泗洪人,中国矿业大学(北京)硕士研究生,主要从事固体废物污染控制研究.

引用本文:

王泽亚, 徐亚, 董路, 能昌信, 潘永泰, 刘玉强. 金属离子污染砂土复电阻率的时变特征及形成机制[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(3): 1147-1153. WANG Ze-ya, XU Ya, DONG Lu, NAI Chang-xin, PAN Yong-tai, LIU Yu-qiang. Complex resistivity of cationic metal contaminated sandy soils: Time-varying characteristics and formation mechanism. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2019, 39(3): 1147-1153.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V39/I3/1147

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