Abstract:Using the event history analysis (EHA) model, we conducted an empirical study on the diffusion of river chief system (RCS) policy at the provincial level from 2010 to 2016. The RCS policy was more likely to be adopted by provinces with more serious water pollution. Specifically, on average, a one-unit increase in per capita water pollution emission increased the odds of RCS policy adoption by 30.2%; but the effect of water pollution on the adoption of RCS policy was negatively moderated by the fiscal self-financing rate. Under same water pollution level, provinces with low fiscal self-financing rate were more likely to adopt the RCS policy. Provincial governments were more likely to adopt the RCS policy in the years when the party congresses were held. The adoption of the RCS policy in a certain province did not have a significant impact on the horizontal policy diffusion across its neighboring provinces.
梅正午, 刘文璋, 孙玉栋. 基于31个省份事件史分析的河长制创新与扩散的影响因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(6): 2956-2963.
MEI Zheng-wu, LIU Wen-zhang, SUN Yu-dong. Influencing factors of policy diffusion of river chief system based on event history analysis of 31 provinces. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2021, 41(6): 2956-2963.
颜海娜,曾栋.河长制水环境治理创新的困境与反思——基于协同治理的视角[J]. 北京行政学院学报, 2019,(2):7-17. Yan H N, Zeng D. The dilemma of and the reflection on water environment governance innovation by the River Chief System:From the perspective of collaborative governance[J]. Journal of Beijing Administration Institute, 2019,(2):7-17.
[2]
中国政府网.关于全面推行河长制的意见[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-12/11/content_5146628.htm. The State Council. Opinions on the implementation of river chief system in an all-round way.[EB/OL]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-12/11/content_5146628.htm.
[3]
王浦劬,赖先进.中国公共政策扩散的模式与机制分析[J]. 北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2013,50(6):14-23. Wang P Q, Lai X J. A study on the model and mechanism of public policy diffusion in China[J]. Journal of Peking University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2013,50(6):14-23.
[4]
Wang L, Tong J, Li Y. River Chief System (RCS):An experiment on cross-sectoral coordination of watershed governance[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2019,13(4):01-03.
[5]
Li Z X, Zhang X F, Jiang R, et al. Establishing multi-support River Chief System (RCS) to achieve long-term restoration and management effectiveness of transboundary rivers[J]. IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environment Science, 2020,455(1):1-8.
[6]
王清军.我国流域生态环境管理体制:变革与发展[J]. 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2019,58(6):75-86. Wang Q J. The system of China's watershed eco-environmental management:change and development[J]. Journal of central China Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences), 2019,58(6):75-86.
[7]
Walker J L. The diffusion of innovations among the American States[J]. American Political Science Review, 1969,63(3):880-899.
[8]
Brown L A, Cox K R. Empirical regularities in the diffusion of innovation[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1971,61(3):551-559.
[9]
Marsh D, Sharman J C. Policy diffusion and policy transfer[J]. Policy Studies, 2009,30(3):269-288.
[10]
Shipan C R, Volden C. Policy diffusion:seven lessons for scholars and practitioners[J]. Public Administration Review, 2012,72(6):788-796.
[11]
陈景云,许崇涛.河长制在省(区、市)间扩散的进程与机制转变——基于时间、空间与层级维度的考察[J]. 环境保护, 2018,46(14):49-54. Chen J Y, Xu C T. The process and mechanism transformation of the system of river leader diffusion among Chinese province[J]. Environmental Protection, 2018,46(14):49-54.
[12]
王洛忠,庞锐.中国公共政策时空演进机理及扩散路径:以河长制的落地与变迁为例[J]. 中国行政管理, 2018,(5):63-69. Wang L Z, Pang R. Temporal and spatial evolution mechanism and policy diffusion path of China's public policy:A study of the implementation and changes of River Chief System[J]. Chinese Public Administration, 2018,(5):63-69.
[13]
熊烨,周建国.政策转移中的政策再生产:影响因素与模式概化——基于江苏省"河长制"的QCA分析[J]. 甘肃行政学院学报, 2017, (1):37-47. Xiong Y, Zhou J G. Policy reproduction in "River Chief System" transfer:influencing factors and model generalization——based on the qualitative comparison and analysis (QCA)of multiple cases in Jiangsu province[J]. Journal of Gansu Administration Institute, 2017,(1):37-47.
[14]
金刚,沈坤荣.地方官员晋升激励与河长制演进:基于官员年龄的视角[J]. 财贸经济, 2019,40(4):20-34. Jin G, Shen K R. Political incentives for local officials and the diffusion of River Chief System:From the perspective of officials' age[J]. Finance & Trade Economics, 2019,40(4):20-34.
[15]
Zhu X F. Mandate versus championship:vertical government intervention and diffusion of innovation in public services in authoritarian China[J]. Public Management Review, 2014,16(1):117-139.
[16]
朱多刚,郭俊华.专利资助政策的创新与扩散:面向中国省份的事件史分析[J]. 公共行政评论, 2016,9(5):64-83. Zhu D G, Guo J H. Innovation and diffusion of China's patent subsidy policy among provinces:An Event History Analysis[J]. Journal of Public Administration, 2016,9(5):64-83.
[17]
高旭阔,席子云.组合措施下政府与企业排污行为演化博弈[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(12):5484-5492. Gao X K, Xi Z Y. Evolutionary game of government and enterprise pollution discharge behavior under combined measures[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(12):5484-5492.
[18]
李媛,张同斌,亓彭飞.地方环境约束目标对经济增长的影响效应[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(10):4617-4630. Li Y, Zhang T B, Qi P F. Research on the impact of the local government's environmental protection constraint target on economic growth[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(10):4617-4630.
[19]
Johnson H, Johnson J M, Gour-Tanguay R, et al. Environmental policies in developing countries[J]. Verfassung in Recht und Ubersee, 1981,14(1):75.
[20]
李红祥,徐鹤,董战峰,等.环境政策实施的成本效益分析框架研究[J]. 环境保护, 2017,45(4):54-58. Li H X, Xu H, Dong Z F, et al. Study on the cost-benefit analysis framework of environmental policy[J]. Environmental Protection, 2017,45(4):54-58.
[21]
曹新富,周建国.河长制何以形成:功能、深层结构与机制条件[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2020,30(11):179-184. Cao X F, Zhou J G. How the river chief system was established:its function, deep structure and mechanism condition[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2020,30(11):179-184.
[22]
余靖雯,肖洁,龚六堂.政治周期与地方政府土地出让行为[J]. 经济研究, 2015,(2):88-102. Yu J W, Xiao J, Gong L T. Why do the performance of listed enterprises in GEM change after IPO?[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2015,(2):88-102.
[23]
周黎安.中国地方官员的晋升锦标赛模式研究[J]. 经济研究, 2007,(7):36-50. Zhou L A. Governing China's local officials:An analysis of promotion tournament model[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2007,(7):36-50.
[24]
吴建南,张攀,刘张立."效能建设"十年扩散:面向中国省份的事件史分析[J]. 中国行政管理, 2014,(1):76-82. Wu J N, Zhang P, Liu Z L. The occurrence mechanism of the residents' autonomy:Based on the experience of Shanghai[J]. Chinese Public Administration, 2014,(1):76-82.
[25]
中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M]. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2011-2017. National Bureau of Statistics of China. China statistical year book[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press, 2011-2017.
[26]
江苏省水利厅.关于建立"河长制"的实施办法[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2010/12/17/art_46811_2680812.html. Department of Water Resources of Jiangsu Province. On the implementation of establishing "River Chief System"[EB/OL]. http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2010/12/17/art_46811_2680812.html
[27]
许静,王永桂,陈岩,等.中国突发水污染事件时空分布特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018,38(12):4566-4575. Xu J, Wang Y G, Chen Y, et al. Spatial distribution and temporal variation of sudden water pollution incidents in China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018,38(12):4566-4575.
[28]
Berry F S, Berry W D. State lottery adoptions as policy innovations:An Event History Analysis[J]. American Political Science Review, 1990,84(2):395-415.
[29]
周侃,伍健雄,钱者东,等.长江经济带水污染物减排的空间效应及驱动因素[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020,40(2):885-895. Zhou K, Wu J X, Qian Z D, et al. Spatial effects on emission reduction of water pollutants and its driving forces in Yangtze River Economic Belt[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020,40(2):885-895.
[30]
朱旭峰.地方政府创新经验推广的难点何在——公共政策创新扩散理论的研究评述[J]. 人民论坛·学术前沿, 2014,(17):63-77. Zhu X F. Difficulty in promoting the innovation experience of local government——review of the research on the public policy innovation diffusion theory[J]. Frontiers, 2014,(17):63-77.
[31]
福建省人民政府.关于印发福建省河长制实施方案的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.mnw.cn/news/fj/792953.html. Fujian Provincial People's government. Notice on printing and distributing the implementation plan of River Chief System in Fujian Province[EB/OL]. http://www.mnw.cn/news/fj/792953.html.
[32]
海南省水务厅.关于印发《海南省城镇内河(湖)"河长制"实施办法》[EB/OL]. http://swt.hainan.gov.cn/sswt/tzgg/201608/42f1f07c31994946b3866463466101a3.shtml. Department of water affairs of Hainan Province. Notice on the implementation for "River Chief System" of urban inland rivers (lakes) in Hainan Province[EB/OL]. http://swt.hainan.gov.cn/sswt/tzgg/201608/42f1f07c31994946b3866463466101a3.shtml.
[33]
Mintrom M. Policy entrepreneurs and the diffusion of innovation[J]. American Journal of Political Science, 1997,41(3):738-770.
[34]
李健,张文婷.政府购买服务政策扩散研究——基于全国31省数据的事件史分析[J]. 中国软科学, 2019,(5):60-67. Li J, Zhang W T. Research on the diffusion of government purchase service policies -Event History Analysis based on 31provinces' data of China[J]. China Soft Science, 2019,(5):60-67.
[35]
张平淡.地方政府环保真作为吗?——基于财政分权背景的实证检验[J]. 经济管理, 2018,40(8):23-37. Zhang P D. Do Local governments' environmental protection really work? An empirical study based on fiscal decentralization[J]. Business Management Journal, 2018,40(8):23-37.
[36]
马亮.公共服务创新的扩散:中国城市公共自行车计划的实证分析[J]. 公共行政评论, 2015,8(3):51-78. Ma L. The diffusion of public service innovation:An empirical analysis of public bicycle programs in Chinese Cities[J]. Journal of Public Administration, 2015,8(3):51-78.
[37]
Kahn M E, Li P, Zhao D X. Water pollution progress at borders:The role of changes in China's political promotion incentives[J]. American Economic Journal:Economic Policy, 2015,7(4):223-242.
[38]
朱旭峰,张友浪.创新与扩散:新型行政审批制度在中国城市的兴起[J]. 管理世界, 2015,(10):91-105. Zhu X F, Zhang Y. Innovation and diffusion:the rise of the new administrative approval system in Chinese cities[J]. Management World, 2015,(10):91-105.
[39]
张克.政策扩散视角下的省直管县财政改革——基于20个省份数据的探索性分析[J]. 北京行政学院学报, 2017,(1):17-26. Zhang K. Fiscal reform as a part of reform of direct provincial supervision of county from the perspective of policy diffusion:An exploratory analysis based on data of 20provinces[J]. Journal of Beijing Administration Institute, 2017,(1):17-26.
[40]
杨海生,陈少凌,周永章.地方政府竞争与环境政策——来自中国省份数据的证据[J]. 南方经济, 2008,(6):15-30. Yang H S, Chen S L, Zhou Y Z. Local government competition and environmental policy-empirical evidence fromprovince's governments in China[J]. South China Journal of Economics, 2008,(6):15-30.
[41]
孙博文,傅鑫羽,任俊霖,等.环境规制的蓝色红利效应研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019,39(8):3518-3529. Sun B W, Fu X Y, Ren J L, et al. Research on the blue dividend effect of environmental regulation[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(8):3518-3529.
[42]
沈坤荣,金刚,方娴.环境规制引起了污染就近转移吗?[J]. 经济研究, 2017,52(5):44-59. Shen K R, Jin G, Fang X. Does environmental regulation cause pollution to transfer nearby?[J]. Economic Research Journal, 2017, 52(5):44-59.
[43]
张华.地区间环境规制的策略互动研究——对环境规制非完全执行普遍性的解释[J]. 中国工业经济, 2016,(7):74-90. Zhang H. Strategic interaction of regional environmental regulation——An explanation on the universality of incomplete enforcement of environmental regulation[J]. China Industrial Economics, 2016,(7):74-90.