In situ biological activity and N2O production characteristics inside Anammox granular sludge
Lü Yong-tao1,2, WANG Chong-yang1,2, JU Kai3, HOU Tong-jie1,2, PAN Yong-bao4, WANG Lei1,2
1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China; 3. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China; 4. Shaanxi Modern Architecture Design & Research Institute CO., LTD, Xi'an 710024, China
Abstract：The concentrations of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and N2O were determined inside Anammox granules using microelectrodes, and the relationship between in situ biological activity and N2O production was established. The results showed that the Anammox activity with simultaneous consumption of ammonium and nitrite was distributed in the surface layer of the granule (0~1500μm), with the maximum activity at 200~400μm. When the concentration of ammoonium was 14mg/L (c(NH4+):c(NO2-)=1:1.2), the maximum ammonium and nitrite consumption rates were 1.19 and 1.65mg/cm3/h, respectively. The denitrifying activity was mainly distributed in the deep layer of 1500 to 2500 μm. When nitrite or nitrate was used as the only substrate ((NOx--N=14mg/L), the maximum N2O production rates were 0.37 and 0.19 mg/(cm3×h), respectively. N2O was mainly produced in the deep layer of the granule, and the production rate increased 28.16 times with the decrease of pH from 8.5 to 7.0, reaching 0.35mg/(cm3×h). Anammox bacteria (Candidatus Kuenenia), denitrifying bacteria (Truepera, Limnobacter, Ignavibacterium and Anaerolineaceae) and ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) were also detected by high-throughput sequencing. In conclusion, Anammox activity was mainly distributed in the surface layer, while N2O was mainly generated in the deep denitrifying active layer. Therefore, N2O was mainly produced by denitrifying bacteria.
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