干湿交替循环频率对生物膜特征及其微生物群落的影响

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摘要为研究干湿交替循环下生物膜的抗性机制,以天然水体生物膜为研究对象,基于室内控制实验,通过16S rRNA高通量测序和激光共聚焦显微成像等技术,探究干湿交替循环对生物膜形态结构及其微生物种群结构、多样性和功能的影响.结果表明,随着干湿交替循环频率从一轮(C1)增加到五轮(C5),生物膜厚度从9.10减小到6.46μm,胞外聚合物含量从2.64μm³/μm³(对照)减少到1.90μm³/μm³(C1),再增加到4.41μm³/μm³(C3),随后减少到1.54μm³/μm³(C5,P=0.004),活/死菌比例则从2.52(C1)增加到3.60(C3)再显著减少到0.72(C5,P=0.009),而比表面积和粗糙度系数无显著变化.与对照相比,干湿交替循环下生物膜内微生物群落丰富度和多样性下降,指示物种发生改变.当干湿交替循环的频率超过生物膜耐受程度(C5)时,生物膜内优势菌由变形菌转变为与蓝藻相关的菌群,且生物膜功能由化能异养转变为光合自养.可见,不同干湿交替循环频率下生物膜形态结构和微生物种群结构不同,且在干湿交替循环频率较低时生物膜内微生物群落的生存策略表现为抵抗力,频率较高时表现为恢复力.

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关键词 ：干湿交替循环, 生物膜, 微生物群落, 抵抗力, 恢复力

Abstract：The periphytic biofilm was sampled in natural environment and cultivated under indoor controlled conditions to clarify the biofilm resistance mechanisms under the influence of alternate drying and wetting cycles. The morphology, microbial community structure, diversity and function of natural biofilms were examined using 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results showed that biofilm thickness was reduced from 9.10 to 6.46 μm with the increase of alternate drying-wetting cycles from one (C1) to five (C5). The extracellular polymer content decreased from 2.64 μm³/μm³ (control) to 1.9 μm³/μm³(C1), and then increased from 4.41 μm³/μm³(C3) to 1.54 μm³/μm³(C5, P=0.004). The ratio of live/dead bacteria increased from 2.52 (C1) to 3.60 (C3), and then decreased to 0.72(C5, P=0.009). However, the changes in surface area to volume ration and roughness coefficient with the alternate drying and wetting cycles were not significant compared to the control. In contrast to the control, the richness and diversity of the microbial community decreased and the indicator species changed when biofilm exposed to alternate drying and wetting cycles. The dominant bacteria in biofilm shifted from Proteobacteria to Cyanobacteria-related flora when the alternate drying and wetting cycles reached to five (C5). Moreover, functional groups associated with photoautotrophy became the most abundant. Therefore, biofilm morphology and microbial community structure were associated with the alternate drying and wetting cycles. Microbial communities exhibited high degrees of resistance under lower alternate drying and wetting cycles, whereas showed high degrees of resilience to increased alternate drying and wetting cycles.

Key words： alternate drying-wetting cycles biofilm microbial community resistance resilience

收稿日期: 2022-07-11

PACS:

X172

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(42167053,41807472);云南省基础研究计划优秀青年项目(202001AW070020);云南省千人计划“青年人才”项目(YNQR-QNRC-2018-123,C619300A019)

通讯作者: 骆霞,副研究员,luoxia@ynu.edu.cn E-mail: luoxia@ynu.edu.cn

作者简介: 李春艳(1997-)女,云南省昭通人,云南大学硕士研究生,主要从事环境污染监测和修复研究.

引用本文:

李春艳, 谢珊珊, 王文文, 朱时俊, 闻晨, 李妮鸿, 骆霞. 干湿交替循环频率对生物膜特征及其微生物群落的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(2): 854-862. LI Chun-yan, XIE Shan-shan, WANG Wen-wen, ZHU Shi-jun, WEN Chen, LI Ni-hong, LUO Xia. Effects of alternate drying-wetting cycles on biofilm characteristics and their microbial communities. CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCECE, 2023, 43(2): 854-862.

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http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.zghjkx.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I2/854

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