1. Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; 2. Marine Fishery Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China
Abstract：Oil pollution is one of the most dominant forms of pollution in China's coastal areas and has a strong toxic effect on the marine fish, whose changes in behavior and physiological features are one of the most apparent manifestations of toxic stress. In this study, the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in the offshore marine area of Zhoushan was investigated to evaluate the effects of the water-soluble fraction of diesel oil (DWSF) on the activity, exploratory behavior, and predation ability of Sebastsicus marmoratus, a typical rockfish that inhabits the coastal waters of the East China Sea. Histological changes in gill tissue and enzyme activity related to neurotransmission were also investigated. The results show that the exploratory behavior and activity of post-larval fish first increased and then decreased with an increase in DWSF concentration. It was observed that the fish's behavioral activity was significantly inhibited, and the predation ability was impaired when the concentration of DWSF exceeded the standard of inferior Class-V water quality (DWSF>0.30mg/L). Once the concentration of DWSF reached 0.45mg/L, the gill tissue of the post-larval fish showed noticeable lesions and damage. Meanwhile, the activity of cholinesterase associated with neurotransmission was significantly inhibited, resulting in a high mortality rate. This suggests that marine diesel pollution can trigger apparent anomalous behavior, significantly reduce predation ability, and ultimately increase mortality in post-larval S. marmoratus. The impairment of the nervous and respiratory systems may be one critical reason for abnormal behaviors. Therefore, the concentration of DWSF in seawater should be controlled below 0.45mg/L in order to ensure the normal growth and development of the larvae of S. marmoratus and other near-shore resident rockfish.
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